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Brett GI Midterm > 1 Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

1 Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What line separates the hypochondrium/epigastric from the urachus/flank

A

Rib 10

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2
Q

What line separates the urachus from the pubic area

A

Iliac tubercle

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3
Q

What level is the transpyloric plane

A

L1

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4
Q

What is at the transpyloric plane

A

Level of gallbladder fundus, pylorus, pancreatic neck, superior mesenteric artery, hepatic portal v, root of transverse mesocolon, and hila of kidneys

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5
Q

What level is the subcostal plane

A

L3

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6
Q

What level is the transtubercle plane

A

L5

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7
Q

What level is the interspinous plane

A

S2

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8
Q

What is the line between the abdominal and pelvic cavity

A

Pelvic inlet (top of pubic symphisis)

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9
Q

What is the fatty portion of the abdomen

A

Campers fascia

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10
Q

What is found behind the fatty portion of the abdomen

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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11
Q

Scarpa’s fascia connects to ________________ but is not continuous

A

Fascia lata

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12
Q

Scarpa’s fascia is continuous and open to what

A

Colle’s fascia

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13
Q

What direction does the external oblique run

A

Downward

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14
Q

What does the external oblique muscle run with

A

Serratus anterior

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15
Q

What is the origin of the external oblique

A

Lower 6 ribs

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16
Q

What is the insertion of the external oblique muscle

A

Aponeurosis and linea alba as well as anterior iliac crest and pubic tubercle

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17
Q

What is the innervation of the external oblique muscle

A

Vetnral rami of T7-12

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18
Q

What is the action of the external oblique muscle

A

Compress abdomen and increase intra-abdominal pressure and moves trunk and retains posture

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19
Q

The tendons of what muscle forms the inguinal ligament

A

External oblique muscle

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20
Q

What direction does the internal oblique muscle run

A

Upward from the flanks

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21
Q

What is the origin of the internal oblique muscle

A

Iliac crest and some of the thoracolumbar fascia

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22
Q

What is the insertion of the internal oblique muscle

A

Lower 10-12 ribs, aponeurosis, linea alba, and pubic crest

23
Q

The lower part of what muscle makes up the conjoined tendon

A

Internal oblique muscle

24
Q

What is the innervation of the internal oblique muscle

A

T7-12 and L1

25
Q

What is the action of the internal oblique muscle

A

Compresses and supports viscera and laterally flexes and rotates

26
Q

What is the direction of the transversus abdominis muscle

A

Perpendicular to the spine

27
Q

What is the origin of the transversus abdominis muscle

A

Lower 7-12 costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and some even off upper inguinal ligament

28
Q

What is the insertion of the transversus abdominis

A

Linea alba, pecten pubis, and pubic crest

29
Q

What is the innervation of the transversus abdominis

A

T7-L1

30
Q

What is the action of the transversus abdominis

A

Compresses and supports viscera

31
Q

What is the origin of the rectus abdominis

A

Pubic symphysis and pubic crest

32
Q

What is the insertion of rectus abdominis

A

Xiphoid process and outer surface of 5-7th intercostal cartilages

33
Q

What is the innervation of the rectus abdominis

A

Ventral rami of t7-12

34
Q

Below the arctuate line where doe the tendons of the abdominal muscles go

A

Anterior to the rectus abdominis

35
Q

Above the arctuate line, what is the arrangement of the rectus sheath

A

The external oblique is anterior, the internal is split and the transversus is posterior

36
Q

Where does the thoracoabdominal n come from

A

T7-11

37
Q

What is a continuation of the intercostal n

A

Thoracoabdominal n

38
Q

What does the thoraco-abdominal and iliohypogastric nn run between

A

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis

39
Q

Where does the subcostal n come from

A

T12

40
Q

Where does the iliohypogastric come from

A

L1

41
Q

Where does the ilioinguinal come from

A

L1

42
Q

What two arteries come off the femoral a

A

Superficial epigastric a and superficial circumflex iliac a

43
Q

What comes off the external iliac a

A

Deep circumflex iliac a and inferior epigastric a

44
Q

What does the superior epigastric a come off of

A

Terminal branch of internal thoracic a

45
Q

What causes the median umbilical fold

A

Obliterated urachus

46
Q

What causes the medial umbilical fold

A

Obliterated umbilical a

47
Q

What causes the lateral umbilical fold

A

Inferior epigastric a

48
Q

Where are the anterior fossa on the anterior wall of the abdomen from medial to lateral

A

Supravesical, medial, lateral

49
Q

What is the line that divides the directions of lymph drainage

A

Above the umbilicus it goes upward and below it drains into the inguinal

50
Q

What kind of incision is used to access the gallbladder, biliary tract, and spleen

A

Subcostal

51
Q

Why is a midline incision used

A

Can be made rapidly and there are few BV or nerves

52
Q

What incision is used to access the appendix

A

Gridline or McBurney’s point (1/4 the way from the ASIS to the umbilicus

53
Q

What is a suprapubic incision used for

A

Gynecological/obstetrical surgeries

Brett GI Midterm (11 decks)

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