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VALUES Flashcards
αξία
VALUE
Noun
αξία
value, worth, merit, valuation, denomination, worthiness
τιμή
price, value, cost, honor, rate, fare
αντίμο
value
Verb
εκτιμώ
appreciate, estimate, assess, value, evaluate, esteem
——————————————————
HONOR
Noun
τιμή
price, value, cost, honor, rate, fare
Verb
τιμώ
honor, price, dignify, revere, grace, honour
προτίμηση
PREFERENCES
G
NEEDS
χρέος
υποχρέωση
OBLIGATIONS
υποχρέωση
obligation, commitment, indebtedness
Translations of oblige
Verb
υποχρεώνω
oblige, obligate, compel, bind
εξυπηρετώ
serve, service, oblige, subserve
θέλω
WANT
έθιμο
ηθικός
έθος
CUSTOM
Translations of custom
Noun
έθιμο
custom, practice
συνήθεια
custom, habit, practice, rote, convention, use
έθος
custom
Translations of moral
Adjective
ηθικός
ethical, moral
Noun
ηθικό δίδαγμα
moral, precept
καθήκον
DUTY
Translations of duty
Noun
δασμός
duty, customs, impost
φόρος
tax, duty, tribute, impost, scot
χρέος
debt, duty, indebtedness, debit
βάρδια
duty, guard
καθήκο
duty, devoir, mission
απαιτώ
REQUIRE
απαιτώ
require, demand, claim, call for, postulate, come down on
χρειάζομαι
need, require, want
οφειλή
DEBT
Noun
χρέος
debt, duty, indebtedness, debit
οφειλή
debt, sum due
λόγω
DUE
Preposition
λόγω • (lógo) (+ genitive)
(formal) because of, due to, owing to, on account of (as a consequence of)
Το ματς ακυρώθηκε λόγω καταιγίδας.
To mats akyróthike lógo kataigídas.
The match was cancelled due to a storm.
Λόγω βλάβης, ο ανελκυστήρας δεν λειτουργεί.
Lógo vlávis, o anelkystíras den leitourgeí.
Due to a fault, the elevator is not working.
Adjective
οφειλόμενος
due, owing
ληξιπρόθεσμος
due, lapsed, mature
εξαιτίας (exaitías, “because of”)
χάριν (chárin, “thanks to”)
From Ancient Greek λόγῳ (lógōi)
dative singular of λόγος (lógos, “reason, logic”)
Noun
λόγος • (lógos) m (genitive λόγου); second declension
That which is said: word, sentence, speech, story, debate, utterance.
That which is thought: reason, consideration, computation, reckoning.
An account, explanation, or narrative.
Subject matter.
(Christianity) The word or wisdom of God, identified with Jesus in the New Testament, by whom the world was created; God the Son.
λόγια n pl (lógia, “words, talking”)
(oratory) : αγόρευση f (agórefsi)
(ratio) : αναλογία f (analogía)
αντιλογία f (antilogía, “argument”)
αντίλογος m (antílogos, “objection”)
έμμετρος λόγος m (émmetros lógos, “poetry”)
λογική f (logikí, “logic”)
λογικό n (logikó, “reason”)
λογικός (logikós, “logical”)
λόγιος (lógios, “learned”)
λόγιος m (lógios, “scholar”)
λογοδιάρροια f (logodiárroia, “logorrhea, chattering”)
λογοθεραπευτής m (logotherapeftís, “speech therapist”)
λογοθεραπεύτρια f (logotherapéftria, “speech therapist”)
λόγος διαστάσεων m (lógos diastáseon, “aspect ratio”)
λόγος διάστασης m (lógos diástasis, “aspect ratio”)
λόγος του θεού m (lógos tou theoú, “Word of God”)
παράλογος m (parálogos, “irrational”)
πλάγιος λόγος m (plágios lógos, “reported/indirect speech”)
Noun
ἐπῐ́λογος • (epílogos) m (genitive ἐπῐλόγου); second declension
reasoning, inference
the epilogue or concluding portion of a play
the peroration of a speech
a subjoined or explanatory sentence
Noun
πρόλογος • (prólogos) m (genitive προλόγου); second declension
the prologue of a play
one who recites the above
the introduction of a speech
(mathematics) the antecedent, in ratios in which the first number is the largest
τιμή
τίμιος
HONOR - HONEST
Noun
τιμή
price, value, cost, honor, rate, fare
Verb
τιμώ
honor, price, dignify, revere, grace, honour
Adjective
τίμιος
honest, fair, decent, square, above-board
έντιμος
honest, honorable, upstanding, upright, straightforward, equitable
αδιάβλητος
irreproachable, unimpeachable, honest
R
ENACT
G
PERFORM
L
TRUST
H
RELY - RELIABLE - RELIGIŌ
αγάπη
LOVE - WILL - WELL - VOLITION - INTEND
Noun
ᾰ̓γᾰ́πη • (agápē) f (genitive ᾰ̓γᾰ́πης); first declension
love, affection, esteem
(Christianity) specifically, the love between God and humanity, good will, benevolence
(Christianity, in the plural) Christian love feasts
Old English
From Proto-West Germanic *welawilljandī.
Equivalent to wel (“well”) + willende (“wishing”).
Pronunciation IPA(key): /ˈwelˌwil.len.de/, [ˈwelˌwiɫ.ɫen.de] Adjective welwillende benevolent
Antonyms
yfelwillende
*leubh-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to care, desire, love.”
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit lubhyati “desires,” lobhaya- “to make crazy;” Persian ahiftan “to be tangled, be hit down, be in love;” Latin lubet, later libet “pleases,” libido, lubido “desire, longing; sensual passion, lust;” Old Church Slavonic l’ubu “dear, beloved,” ljubiti, Russian ljubit’ “to love;” Lithuanian liaupsė “song of praise;”
Old English lufu “feeling of love; romantic sexual attraction,”
German Liebe “love,” Gothic liufs “dear, beloved.”
It forms all or part of: belief; believe; furlough; leave (n.) “permission, liberty granted to do something;” leman; libido; lief; livelong; love; lovely; quodlibet.
Old English: lufu
Entries with “lufu”
love: …Origin & history I From Middle English love, luve, from Old English lufu (“love, affection, desire”), from Proto-Germanic *lubō (“love”)…
lufian: lufian (Old English) Origin & history From lufu. Pronunciation IPA: /ˈlufiɑn/ Verb to love Descendants English: love Scots: luve
bædan: …IPA: /ˈbæːdɑn/ Verb to constrain, to incite, to compel Ðæs his lufu bædeþ: whom his love constrains. (Exeter Book) Related words & phrases…
lof: …(German Lob), Old Norse lof (Swedish lov). Related to lēof, lufu, lofian. Pronunciation IPA: /lof/ Noun praise, glory song of…
leof: …(German lieb), Old Norse ljúfr (Swedish ljuv), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 .
Related to lufu, lufian, “love, to love”, lof “praise”.
From Proto-Germanic *lubō
from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-
Cognate with Old Frisian luve
Old High German luba
Gothic 𐌻𐌿𐌱𐍉
Old English: lēof
Adjective
lēof
dear, beloved
From Proto-Germanic *leubaz
from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰos (“dear, beloved”).
Cognate with Old Frisian liāf
Old Saxon liof
Old High German liob
Old Norse ljúfr
Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (liufs).
Non-Germanic cognates include Polish luby (“dear, beloved”).
Related to lufu (“love”).
Dearly Beloved
From Middle English dere
from Old English dīere (“of great value or excellence, expensive, beloved”)
from Proto-Germanic *diurijaz (“dear, precious, expensive”).
Cognate with Scots dere, deir (“of great value or worth, highly valued, precious, beloved”), Saterland Frisian djuur (“precious, dear, costly, expensive”), Dutch duur (“costly, precious”), German teuer (“costly, precious”), Danish dyr (“expensive”), Swedish dyr (“expensive”), Norwegian dyr (“expensive”), Icelandic dýr (“expensive”).
Adjective
dīere
expensive
Sweord bēoþ swīðe dīeru wǣpnu and torbeġīetu.
Swords are very expensive weapons, and hard to get.
dear, precious
Adjective
precious (comparative more precious, superlative most precious)
Of high value or worth.
The crown had many precious gemstones. This building work needs site access, and tell the city council that I don’t care about a few lorry tyre ruts across their precious grass verge.
Regarded with love or tenderness.
My precious daughter is to marry.
(derogatory) Treated with too much reverence.
He spent hours painting the eyes of the portrait, which his fellow artists regarded as a bit precious.
(derogatory) Contrived to be cute or charming.
(colloquial) Thorough; utter.
Adjective
pretiōsus (feminine pretiōsa, neuter pretiōsum, comparative pretiōsior, superlative pretiōsissimus, adverb pretiōsē); first/second-declension adjective
valuable, precious
expensive, costly
Noun pretium n (genitive pretiī or pretī); second declension worth, price, value, cost pay, hire, wage, reward ransom bribe punishment
from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front”) perhaps in the meaning of equivalence, recompense, compensation.
Adjective
worth (not comparable)
Having a value of; proper to be exchanged for.
My house now is worth double what I paid for it.
Cleanliness is a virtue worth more than others.
A painting worth thousands.
A dollar’s worth of change.
Deserving of.
I think you’ll find my proposal worth your attention.
His friendship is not worth having.
(obsolete, except in Scots) Valuable, worth while.
Making a fair equivalent of, repaying or compensating.
This job is hardly worth the effort.
From Middle English worth
from Old English weorþ
from Proto-Germanic *werþaz (“worthy, valuable”)
from Proto-Indo-European *wert-.
Proto-Indo-European: *wert-
Root
*wert- (imperfective)
to turn, to rotate
Sanskrit: वर्तते (vártate, “to turn”)
Slavic: *vьrtě̀ti (“to turn”)
Germanic: *wurdiz (“fate”)
αξία
value, worth, merit, valuation, denomination, worthiness
Adjective
άξιος
worthy, deserving, worth, capable, able, meritorious
αυτός που αξίζει
worth
αξίζων
worth
Noun αξία • (axía) f (plural αξίες) value, price, worth (figuratively) value, merit, worth Antonym: απαξία (apaxía)
Noun
ἀξίᾱ • (axíā) f (genitive ἀξίᾱς); first declension
worth, value
Adjective
ᾰ̓́ξῐος • (áxios) m (feminine ᾰ̓ξῐ́ᾱ, neuter ᾰ̓́ξῐον); first/second declension
counterbalancing, weighing as much as, of like value
worthy, fit
ἄγω (ágō) + -τιος (-tios), with the verb in the sense “draw down (in the scale)”, hence “weigh, import”. Compare the meanings again of weighing in Latin exāmen of same root.
Noun exāmen n (genitive exāminis); third declension swarm of bees; crowd tongue of a balance a consideration, an examining
From ex- (“out”) + agō (“I drive”) + -men
Compare the meanings again of weighing in Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́ξῐος (áxios) of same root.
Suffix
-men n (genitive -minis); third declension
forms neuter nouns of the third declension
Suffix
*(é)-mn̥ n
Creates action nouns or result nouns from verbs.
Suffix
-mentum (plural -menta)
instrument, medium, or result of; e.g. monumentum
Prefix
αξιο- • (axio-)
added before a noun, adjective or verb to create words that indicates something that is worthy or deserving:
αξιο- (axio-) + σημειώνω (simeióno, “to note”) → αξιοσημείωτος (axiosimeíotos, “noteworthy, remarkable, notable”)
αξιο- (axio-) + αγαπώ (agapó, “to love”) → αξιαγάπητος (axiagápitos, “lovable”)
αξιο- (axio-) + γελάω (geláo, “to laugh”) → αξιογέλαστος (axiogélastos, “laughable, ridiculous”)
αξιο- (axio-) + ζηλεύω (zilévo, “to envy, to be jealous”) → αξιοζήλευτος (axiozíleftos, “enviable”)
αξιο- (axio-) + θεατός (theatós, “visible, in view”) → αξιοθέατο (axiothéato, “sight, attraction”)
αξιο- (axio-) + θρηνώ (thrinó, “to lament, to mourn”) → αξιοθρήνητος (axiothrínitos, “lamentable, deplorable”)
αξιο- (axio-) + πίστη (písti, “faith, belief”) → αξιόπιστος (axiópistos, “reliable, trustworthy”)
αξιο- (axio-) + -πρεπής (-prepís, “suitable, appropriate”) → αξιοπρέπεια (axioprépeia, “dignity”)
αξιο- (axio-) + -κρατία (-kratía, “-cracy”) → αξιοκρατία (axiokratía, “meritocracy”)
Adjective
weorþ (comparative weorþra, superlative weorþost)
worth, deserving
honoured, esteemed
Noun
weorþ n (nominative plural weorþ)
worth, price, value
honour, dignity
from Proto-Germanic *werþaz (“towards, opposite”), used substantively as a noun. Cognate with Old Frisian werth, Old Saxon werth, Old High German werd, German wert (adjective), Wert (noun), Dutch waard (adjective), Old Norse verðr (adjective), verð (noun) (Swedish värd), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐍃 (wairþs).
Adjective weorþlīċ of worth or value, valuable worthy, noble, distinguished, excellent, splendid worthy, meet, fit, becoming
Suffix
-līċ
forming adjectives from nouns and adjectives with the sense of “characteristic of, pertaining to”
forming adjectives denoting multiplicity (compare English -fold)
þrīlīċ ― triple, three-fold
Adjective
weorþlēas
worthless, of no worth or value
Suffix
-lēas
without, free from, devoid of
bereft of
From lēas (“false, devoid of, free from, without”).
—————————————————
WILL - WELL
Proto-West Germanic Etymology From Proto-Germanic *wiljaną. Verb *willjan to want
Verb Old English: wyllan Alternative form of willan Old English: willan to want
Hwæt wilt þū mā æt mē?
What more do you want from me?
to intend
Iċ wolde þæt dōn!
I meant to do that!
Ne breġd þū nǣfre þīn sweord būtan þū his notian wille.
Never draw your sword unless you intend to use it.
to be willing
used to express habitual behavior
used to express futurity
Hwæt lā wilt þū dōn, mē stingan?
What are you gonna do, stab me?
to want or intend to go (to or from somewhere)
Hū oft wolde iċ anweġ heonan?
How many times have I wanted to get away from here?
used in the subjunctive past to express hypotheticals, where Modern English would use “would”
Hū wolde þē līcian ġif ic wisse ealle þīne dēagolnesse?
How would you like it if I knew all your secrets?
Old English Etymology From Proto-Germanic *wela from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Akin to Old Frisian wela, Old Saxon wela Old High German wola Old Norse vel, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 (waila). Pronunciation IPA(key): /wel/ Adverb wel (comparative bet, superlative betest) well
English: well
Adverb[edit]
well (comparative better, superlative best)
(manner) Accurately, competently, satisfactorily.
He does his job well.
(manner) Completely, fully.
a well done steak
We’re well beat now.
(degree) To a significant degree.
That author is well known.
(degree, Britain, slang) Very (as a general-purpose intensifier).
In a desirable manner; so as one could wish; satisfactorily; favourably; advantageously.
Adverb
well (comparative better, superlative best)
(manner) Accurately, competently, satisfactorily.
He does his job well.
(manner) Completely, fully.
a well done steak
We’re well beat now.
(degree) To a significant degree.
That author is well known.
(degree, Britain, slang) Very (as a general-purpose intensifier).
In a desirable manner; so as one could wish; satisfactorily; favourably; advantageously.
From Middle English wel, wal, wol, wele,
from Old English wel (“well, abundantly, very, very easily, very much, fully, quite, nearly”)
from Proto-Germanic *wela, *wala (“well”, literally “as wished, as desired”)
from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“wish, desire”).
Cognate with Scots wele, weil (“well”), North Frisian wel, weil, wal (“well”), West Frisian wol (“well”), Dutch wel (“well”), Low German wol (“well”), German wol, wohl (“well”), Norwegian and Danish vel (“well”), Swedish väl (“well”), Icelandic vel, val (“well”). Related to will.
Adjective well (comparative better or weller, superlative best or wellest) In good health. I had been sick, but now I'm well. (hypercorrect) Good, content. “How are you?” — “I'm well, thank you!” (archaic) Prudent; good; well-advised.
Etymology 2
from Old English willan, wyllan, wellan (“to boil; bubble forth”) and Old English weallan (“to well; bubble forth; spring out; flow”)
Cognate with German wallen (“boil, seethe”), Danish vælde (“gush”), Norwegian Nynorsk vella and outside Germanic, with Albanian valë (“hot, boiling”).
Verb
well (third-person singular simple present wells, present participle welling, simple past and past participle welled)
(intransitive) To issue forth, as water from the earth; to flow; to spring.
(intransitive) To have something seep out of the surface.
Her eyes welled with tears.
Adverb
welwillendlīċe
benevolently
benevolently
From Old French benevolent, borrowed from Latin benevolēns (“well wishing”). Displaced native Old English welwillende.
Adjective
benevolent (comparative more benevolent, superlative most benevolent)
Having a disposition to do good.
Chinese and Eastern mythologies describe dragons as benevolent.
Possessing or manifesting love for mankind.
Altruistic, charitable, good, just and fair.
Antonyms
malevolent
Adjective
malevolent (comparative more malevolent, superlative most malevolent)
Having or displaying ill will; wishing harm on others.
Having an evil or harmful influence.
From Latin malevolentem from male (“badly, wrongly”) + volens (“willing, wishing”) from velle (“to wish”).
Latin: malus Etymology From malus (“bad, wicked”). Pronunciation[edit] (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈma.le/, [ˈmäɫ̪ɛ] (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈma.le/, [ˈmɑːlɛ] Adverb male (comparative pēius, superlative pessimē) badly wrongly cruelly, wickedly not much; feebly
Latin: malus
Adjective
malus (feminine mala, neuter malum, comparative pēior, superlative pessimus, adverb male); first/second-declension adjective
unpleasant, distressing, painful, nasty, bad
Abī in malam crucem, malum cruciātum - Go to the devil the cross, the evil of the torment of
Mala rēs. ― Trouble, bad business.
Mala aetās. ― Old age.
unpleasant to the senses, sight, smell, taste, touch
Mala faciēs. ― Ugly face.
bad, evil, wicked, mischievous
Malus et nēquam homō. ― An evil and wicked man.
Dolus malus. ― Deliberate deception, malice afterthought (legal language).
destructive, hurtful, noxious, evil
Consuētūdō mala. ― A bad habit.
Mala vōta, carmina susurrāre. ― To whisper evil spells, incantations.
unkind, hostile, abusive
Mala verba. ― Abuses.
associated with bad luck, unlucky, unfavourable, unfortunate, adverse, evil
Mala tempestās. ― Bad, unfavourable, unsuitable weather.
Malam fāmam ferre. ― To bring bad reputation, ill fame.
Malīs avibus. ― Under evil auspices. (literally, “Under bad birds.”)
Reliquiae malae pugnae. ― Remnants of an unsuccessful, adverse battle.
poor in condition or capacity, inept
Mala merx/mers. ― A bad lot (of persons).
Malā mente esse. ― To be out of one’s mind.
Pessimus poēta. ― The worst poet.
Noun
velle m (uncountable)
(literary) will, volition
Synonyms: volere, volontà
Learned borrowing from Latin velle
present active infinitive of volō (“I want”).
Verb
volō (present infinitive velle, perfect active voluī); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no imperative
I wish, I please
Tibi bene ex animō volō.
I wish you well with all my heart.
Hanc rem pūblicam salvam esse volumus.
We wish this republic to be safe.
I want
Quid vīsne?
What do you want?
Nunc edere volō.
Now I want to eat.
I mean, I intend
Et dixit ad socerum, “Quid est quod facere voluisti?
And he said to his father-in-law: “What is it that thou didst mean to do?” (KJV Bible, Genesis 29:25)
Quibus ad se accersitis rex ait: “Quidnam est hoc quod facere voluistis ut pueros servaretis?”
And the king called for them, and said: “What is it that you meant to do, that you would save the men children?” (KJV Bible, Exodus 1:18)
I am willing, I consent
I am going to, I intend, I am about to, I am on the point of
Etymology 1
From Proto-Italic *welō, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, to want”). Cognate with Sanskrit वृणीते (vṛṇīte, “to choose, prefer”), Old English willan (“to will, wish, desire”). More at will.
Verb
intend (third-person singular simple present intends, present participle intending, simple past and past participle intended)
(transitive, intransitive, usually followed by the particle “to”) To hope; to wish (something, or something to be accomplished); be intent upon
He intends to go to university.
They evidently intended some mischief.
Synonyms: mean, design, plan, purpose
To fix the mind on; attend to; take care of; superintend; regard.
(obsolete) To stretch to extend; distend.
To strain; make tense.
(obsolete) To intensify; strengthen.
To apply with energy.
To bend or turn; direct, as one’s course or journey.
To design mechanically or artistically; fashion; mold.
To pretend; counterfeit; simulate.
From Middle English intenden, entenden (“direct (one’s) attention towards”), borrowed from Old French entendre, from Latin intendo, intendere. See also intensive.
Verb intendō (present infinitive intendere, perfect active intendī, supine intentum); third conjugation I stretch out; I strain. I turn my attention to, focus (on). I aim, turn, direct. I intend to (Medieval Latin) I understand (Medieval Latin) I hear. (Medieval Latin) I think, believe. (Medieval Latin) I go to, travel. (Medieval Latin with dative) I obey
Etymology
From in- + tendō
Prefix
in-
in, within, inside
Verb
tendō (present infinitive tendere, perfect active tetendī, supine tentum); third conjugation
To stretch, stretch out, distend, extend.
To direct one’s self or one’s course; to aim, strive, go, travel, march, tend, bend one’s course in any direction.
To go, proceed, extend, stretch.
To aim, strive, be directed or inclined, to tend in any direction.
To exert one’s self, to strive, endeavor.
(in particular) To exert one’s self in opposition, to strive, try, endeavor, contend.
To set up tents, to be under tents, be encamped, to encamp.
To speak to somebody.
From Proto-Italic *tendō
from Proto-Indo-European *tend-
extension of Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, draw”)
Cognates include Ancient Greek τείνω (teínō)
Sanskrit तनोति (tanóti)
Old English þennan
Verb
þennan
to stretch, stretch out; spread out; extend
Ðænne ðone swiðran earm swa he swiþast mæge
Let him stretch out his right arm as hard as he can.
(of a bow) to bend; draw
to prostrate; overthrow
to exert oneself; make an effort; strain
Verb
τείνω • (teíno) (imperfect έτεινα, past έτεινα, passive τείνομαι) passive past: τάθηκα
(transitive) stretch (string, etc)
(intransitive) stretch, extend, hold out (hand, etc)
(mathematics) approach, tend towards
Όταν το x τείνει προς το 0, τότε το 1/x τείνει προς το άπειρο.
Ótan to x teínei pros to 0, tóte to 1/x teínei pros to ápeiro.
As x approaches 0, 1/x tends to infinity.
(followed by να (na)) tend to
Τείνω να τον πιστέψω.
Teíno na ton pistépso.
I tend to believe him.
(followed by να (na)) intend to, aim to
ανατείνω (anateíno, “raise, stretch”)
αντιπροτείνω (antiproteíno, “propose in turn”)
αντιτείνω (antiteíno, “object, contravene”)
αποτείνω (apoteíno, “address, direct at”)
διατείνομαι (diateínomai, “claim, maintain”)
εκτείνω (ekteíno, “stretch”)
εντείνω (enteíno, “increase, strengthen”)
επεκτείνω (epekteíno, “extend”)
επιτείνω (epiteíno, “increase”)
κατατείνω (katateíno, “tend”)
παρατείνω (parateíno, “extend”)
προεκτείνω (proekteíno, “stretch”)
προεντείνω (proenteíno) (technology)
προτείνω (proteíno, “propose”)
συντείνω (synteíno, “contribute”)
Other related words
τάση f (tási, “tendency, trend”) & compounds, derivatives
τένοντας m (ténontas, “tendon”) (anatomy)
τέτανος m (tétanos, “tetanus”) (disease)
τόνος m (tónos, “tone, stress”)
υποτείνουσα f (ypoteínousa, “hypotenuse”) (geometry)
Derived terms ἀνατείνω (anateínō) ἀντιτείνω (antiteínō) ἀποτείνω (apoteínō) διατείνω (diateínō) ἐκτείνω (ekteínō) ἐντείνω (enteínō) ἐπιτείνω (epiteínō) κατατείνω (katateínō) παρατείνω (parateínō) περιτείνω (periteínō) προτείνω (proteínō) συντείνω (sunteínō) τάσις (tásis) ὑπερτείνω (huperteínō) ὑποτείνω (hupoteínō)
Verb ἐκτείνω • (ekteínō) to stretch out to prolong, draw out (passive) to lay outstretched to strain, push to the limit (grammar) to lengthen a vowel
Verb
πᾰρᾰτείνω • (parateínō)
I stretch out along, beside, or near; I extend, deploy; I extend along; I am stretched at length, laid low
I stretch on the rack, torture; I am tortured; I am worn out
I prolong, protract
I delay
I apply a figure to a straight line
(of the bowels) I relax
I lengthen in pronunciation; (of sound, of echo) I prolong
I stretch or lie beside or along
I extend; I extend over
(of time) I extend; I continue one’s life
From παρα- (para-, “beside, by”) + τείνω (teínō, “I stretch out”).
Adjective
paratenic (not comparable)
(parasitology, of a host) Not needed for the development of the parasite, but nevertheless serving to maintain the parasite’s life cycle.
Etymology
From Ancient Greek παρατείνω (parateínō, “I prolong, I extend”) + -ic, from παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + τείνω (teínō, “I stretch out”).
Verb προτείνω • (proteíno) (past πρότεινα, passive προτείνομαι) suggest, propose Antonym: αντιπροτείνω (antiproteíno) propose, nominate (archaic) stretch forth
PROTEIN = stretchy substance
From Ancient Greek προτείνω (proteínō, “put forward, propose”).
Verb ὑποτείνω • (hupoteínō) to stretch under, put under (geometry) to extend under, subtend to strain, pull hard to hold out hopes, offer to lay or put before one, present, suggest
HYPOTENUSE - ὑποτείνουσα
Noun
ῠ̔ποτείνουσᾰ • (hupoteínousa) f (genitive ῠ̔ποτεινούσης); first declension
(geometry) hypotenuse
Noun τᾰ́σῐς • (tásis) f (genitive τᾰ́σεως); third declension stretching, tension extension (in music) pitch of the voice intensity, force
Adjective
τᾰτῐκός • (tatikós) m (feminine τᾰτῐκή, neuter τᾰτῐκόν); first/second declension
exerting tension
From τάσις (tásis, “stretching, tension”) + -ικός (-ikós).
ανατείνω • (anateíno) (past ανέτεινα/ανάτεινα, passive ανατείνομαι) passive past: ανατάθηκα
list, raise (especially of the hands)
stretch, stretch up
Noun
ανάταση • (anátasi) f (plural ανατάσεις)
buoyancy, uplift
raising of the arms upwards and outwards in joy or exercise
ανάταση f (anátasi, “elevation, lifting; overhead arm raise”)
Learnedly, from Ancient Greek ἀνατείνω (anateínō, “lift up, spread, expand”). Synchronically analysable as ανα- (“re-”) + τείνω (“stretch”).
Verb
αντιπροτείνω • (antiproteíno) (past αντιπρότεινα, passive αντιπροτείνομαι)
counterpropose, counterargue
Antonym: προτείνω (proteíno)
Etymology From Ancient Greek προτείνω (proteínō, “put forward, propose”) Verb προτείνω • (proteíno) (past πρότεινα, passive προτείνομαι) suggest, propose Antonym: αντιπροτείνω (antiproteíno) propose, nominate (archaic) stretch forth
Verb αντιτείνω • (antiteíno) (past αντέτεινα) object to, raise objections Synonym: αντιλέγω (antilégo) juxtapose Synonym: αντιπαραθέτω (antiparathéto)
Verb
αντιπαραθέτω • (antiparathéto) (past αντιπαρέθεσα/αντιπαράθεσα, passive αντιπαρατίθεμαι)
juxtapose, compare
Synonym: αντιπαραβάλλω (antiparavállo)
Verb
αντιπαραβάλλω • (antiparavállo) (past αντιπαρέβαλα, passive αντιπαραβάλλομαι)
contrast, juxtapose
Synonym: αντιπαραθέτω (antiparathéto)
and see: παραβάλλω (paravállo, “compare”)
αντιπαραβολή f (antiparavolí, “comparison”)
Learnedly, from Ancient Greek ἀντιπαραβάλλω (antiparabállō). Morphologically αντι- (“counter-”) + παραβάλλω (“compare”).
Verb
αντιλέγω • (antilégo) (past αντείπα, passive —)
(transitive) contradict
(intransitive) disagree
αναντίλεκτος (anantílektos, “indisputable”, adjective)
Verb
πᾰρᾰτείνω • (parateínō)
I stretch out along, beside, or near; I extend, deploy; I extend along; I am stretched at length, laid low
I stretch on the rack, torture; I am tortured; I am worn out
I prolong, protract
I delay
I apply a figure to a straight line
(of the bowels) I relax
I lengthen in pronunciation; (of sound, of echo) I prolong
I stretch or lie beside or along
I extend; I extend over
(of time) I extend; I continue one’s life
From παρα- (para-, “beside, by”) + τείνω (teínō, “I stretch out”).
ανατείνω (anateíno, “raise, stretch”)
αντιπροτείνω (antiproteíno, “propose in turn”)
αντιτείνω (antiteíno, “object, contravene”)
αποτείνω (apoteíno, “address, direct at”)
διατείνομαι (diateínomai, “claim, maintain”)
εκτείνω (ekteíno, “stretch”)
εντείνω (enteíno, “increase, strengthen”)
επεκτείνω (epekteíno, “extend”)
επιτείνω (epiteíno, “increase”)
κατατείνω (katateíno, “tend”)
παρατείνω (parateíno, “extend”)
προεκτείνω (proekteíno, “stretch”)
προεντείνω (proenteíno) (technology)
προτείνω (proteíno, “propose”)
συντείνω (synteíno, “contribute”)
Other related words
τάση f (tási, “tendency, trend”) & compounds, derivatives
τένοντας m (ténontas, “tendon”) (anatomy)
τέτανος m (tétanos, “tetanus”) (disease)
τόνος m (tónos, “tone, stress”)
υποτείνουσα f (ypoteínousa, “hypotenuse”) (geometry)
Noun τόνος • (tónos) m (genitive τόνου); second declension rope, cord chord tone, note tension
from Proto-Indo-European *tón-os, from *ten- (“stretch”).
Proto-Indo-European Etymology From *ten- (“stretch, extend”) + *-os. Noun *tónos m something stretched chord, fiber, string
Suffix
*(ó)-os m
Creates nouns from verb stems denoting the performance or result of that verb.
Noun τάση • (tási) f (plural τάσεις) (electricity, physics) voltage, potential difference tension, stretching trend, inclination, tendency
From the Ancient Greek τάσις (tásis, “stretching, tension”)
διαφορά δυναμικού f (diaforá dynamikoú, “potential difference”)
Proto-Indo-European Root *ten- (perfective) to stretch, to extend Synonym: *temp-
cruciātum
crux
Cross
TORTURE - TORMENT
Participle
cruciātus (feminine cruciāta, neuter cruciātum); first/second-declension participle
crucified
tortured
Noun cruciātus m (genitive cruciātūs); fourth declension torture (or the instruments of torture) torment, suffering ruin, calamity, misfortune a crusader [from 13th century]
Verb
cruciō (present infinitive cruciāre, perfect active cruciāvī, supine cruciātum); first conjugation
I crucify
I torture
From crux (“cross”) + -ō.
Noun
crux f (genitive crucis); third declension
wooden frame on which criminals were crucified, especially a cross
(derogatory) gallows bird; one who deserves to be hanged
(figuratively) torture; misery
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”)
Possible cognate with Latin circus (“circle”) and curvus (“curve”).
From Latin crux (“cross, wooden frame for execution”), from the Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”). Doublet of cross.
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”).
Possible cognate with Latin circus (“circle”) and curvus (“curve”).
Noun
circus m (genitive circī); second declension
a circular line or orbit; circle, ring
a racecourse or space where games are held, especially one that is round
the spectators in a circus; a circus.
From Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos, “circle, ring”), related to κρίκος (kríkos, “ring”).
From Latin circus (“ring, circle”), from Proto-Indo-European *sker, *ker (“to turn, to bend”).[1][2] Doublet of cirque. Displaced native Old English hringsetl (literally “ring seat”).
κρίκος • (kríkos) m (plural κρίκοι)
link, ring (attached to or part of a chain)
earring
(figuratively) link (connection between two people, subjects, etc)
Noun
κρῐ́κος • (kríkos) m (genitive κρῐ́κου); second declension
ring
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn”).
Proto-Indo-European Etymology Possibly from *sek- (“to cut”). Root 1 *(s)ker- to cut off
Noun
cortex m (genitive corticis); third declension
The bark of a tree; the bark of a cork tree; cork.
The shell or outward part or covering of anything else; body.
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-, extended from *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “I cut off”), English shear, German scheren, Albanian harr (“to cut, to mow”), Lithuanian skìrti (“separate”), Welsh ysgar (“separate”), Old Armenian քերեմ (kʿerem, “to scrape, scratch”).
