PRONOUNS - Greek Flashcards
είναι αυτός ο φίλος σας;
Is this your friend?
σας • (sas) (weak personal and possessive forms)
(personal): your (2nd person plural, genitive)
(personal): you (2nd person plural, accusative)
(possessive): your (belonging to you)
Synonyms Edit
(personal): εσάς (esás) (strong form)
Είναι αυτό το σπίτι σου?
Is this your house?
σου • (sou)
unstressed genitive singular of σύ (sú)
έχω το αυτοκίνητό σου.
I have your car.
Είμαι ψηλός άνθρωπος.
I am a tall man.
είσαι ψηλός άνθρωπος.
You are a tall man.
είναι ένας ψηλός άνθρωπος.
είμαστε ψηλοί άντρες.
Είναι ψηλοί άνδρες.
He is a tall man.
We are tall men.
They are tall men.
πήγαμε στο σπίτι.
We went into the house.
πήγα στο σπίτι.
I went into the house.
πήγαν στο σπίτι.
They went into the house.
πήγες στο σπίτι.
You went into the house.
πήγε στο σπίτι.
He went into the house.
που πήγε στο σπίτι;
Who went into the house?
τι πήγε στο σπίτι;
What went into the house?
ήρθα σπίτι.
I came home.
ήρθες σπίτι.
You came home.
ήρθε σπίτι.
He came home.
ήρθαμε σπίτι.
We came home.
ήρθαν σπίτι.
They came home.
είμαι εδώ.
I am here.
εδώ • (edó)
here
αυτό εδώ - this one (literally, “this one here”)
Antonyms
εκεί (ekeí, “there”)
Related terms
από εδώ και στο εξής.
[from here and to there]
(from now on”)
είστε εδώ.
You are here.
είναι εδώ.
He is here.
είμαστε εδώ.
We are here.
αυτοί είναι εδώ.
They are here.
είστε όλοι εδώ.
You all are here.
πότε έφτασε στο σπίτι;
When did he come home?
έφτασε = arrived
πότε θα έρθεις σπίτι;
When will you come home?
πότε • (póte) (interrogative adverb)
when? at what time?
ὁπότε • (hopóte) (relative)
when did it happen?
(mostly in reference to the past)
ὁπόταν
When will it happen?
(Mostly in reference to the future)
Univerbation of ὁπότ’ ᾰ̓́ν (hopót’ án).
ᾰ̓́ν • (án) (modal particle)
Expresses potentiality or conditionality.
τότε • (tóte) It has happened then. at that time, then τότε • (tóte) then therefore
τε 'And' -down the list. 'And' -there is more. 'And' -the sequence continues. 'And' -at what time? τε is usually considered to denote a weaker connection than καί (kaí). As an enclitic, it is placed after the word that it connects, or after the first word of a phrase that it connects:
όταν έρχεται σπίτι, τηλεφωνήστε μου.
When he comes home, call me.
όταν • (ótan) when, while, during, whenever, if Όταν είστε στην Αθήνα. ― Ótan eíste stin Athína. ― When you are in Athens. Synonyms Edit πότε (póte, “when”)
ὅταν
Univerbation of ὅτ’ (hót’, “when”) + ἄν (án, modal particle)
(with a conditional force, about events likely to recur) whenever, when
ὅτ’ • (hót’)
Apocopic form of ὅτε (hóte)
ὅτε
From ὅς (hós) and τε (te). Compare τότε (tóte), πότε (póte), ποτέ (poté).
ὅς
ὅς • (hós) m, ἥ f (hḗ), ὅ n (hó)
(in Homeric Greek, often demonstrative pronoun) this
(relative) who, which, that
From Proto-Indo-European *yós, *yéh₂, *yód (“who, which”), from the relative stem *yo-, from the anaphoric stem *i-, *ey-. Cognates include Sanskrit यद् (yás, yā, yad), Avestan 𐬫𐬋 (yō), and Phrygian ιος (yos). See also οἷος (hoîos), ὅσος (hósos).
ὡς • (hōs) (relative adverb) the introduction to similes like as, as, just as according as (with adverbial clauses) (parenthetically) to qualify a general statement; as it seems (in elliptical phrases) so far as.... (attached to the object of a verb) as (to limit or augment the force of adverbs) Conjunction
ὡς • (hōs)
(subordinating conjunction or complementizer, introducing dependent or subordinate clause)
(with noun clauses) introducing a clause expressing a fact: that (with indicative or optative)
(final) introducing a clause expressing an end or purpose: that, so that, in order that, so (with subjunctive or optative)
(consequential) introducing a clause expressing a result: so that
(causal) as, since, because
(temporal) when
(modal) how
(local) where
ὡς • (hōs) (demonstrative adverb)
in καὶ ὧς: even so, nevertheless
in comparisons, ὥς (hṓs)… ὡς (hōs) or ὡς (hōs)… ὣς (hṑs): so… as…
thus, for instance
οἷος • (hoîos) (feminine οἵᾱ, neuter οἷον)
relative adjective of quality such as; what sort, manner, kind of
From ὅς (hós, relative pronoun) + -ιος (-ios, adjectival suffix).
οἷον • (hoîon)
Determiner
inflection of οἷος (hoîos):
accusative singular masculine
nominative and accusative and vocative singular neuter
Adverbial accusative of οἷος (hoîos, “such”).
ὥσπερ
From ὡς (hōs, “as”) + περ (per, enclitic).
ὥσπερ • (hṓsper)
like, as, even as, just as
περί
περ᾽
παρ
From Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Sanskrit परि (pári), Latin per, Lithuanian per, and English for.
περῐ́ • (perí) (governs the genitive, dative, and accusative)
(+ genitive)
about, concerning, because of
(+ dative)
around, for, about
(+ accusative)
around (both in the circular sense and close proximity sense), near, about
ἑός • (heós)
(possessive) his/her own
πότε το έλεγε αυτό;
When did he say that?
πότε το έκανε αυτό;
When did he do that?
Πότε το είδε αυτό;
When did he see that?
είδε • (eíde)
3rd person singular simple past of βλέπω (vlépo)
εἶδον • (eîdon)
to see, behold, perceive
to see a person, to meet, speak with them.
to see, experience, become acquainted with.
to look at or towards.
Greek: βλέπω (vlépo, “to see”)
βλέπω • (blépō)
to look at
to see
to be aware of
βλέπω • (vlépo) (simple past είδα, passive βλέπομαι)
(most senses) see, watch, look at
Έβλεπα τα βουνά από το αμάξι. ― Évlepa ta vouná apó to amáxi. ― I watched the mountains from the car.
(transitive) consider, think of, see (give an assessment or opinion)
Δεν τα βλέπω καλά τα πράγματα. ― Den ta vlépo kalá ta prágmata. ― I don’t see things looking that good.
(transitive) scrutinise, look into (examine in more detail)
Αυτά θα τα δούμε σε αργότερη συνεδρίαση. ― Aftá tha ta doúme se argóteri synedríasi. ― We’ll look into those at a later meeting.
(medicine, transitive) examine (of a doctor)
Ο γιατρός θα σας δει τώρα. ― O giatrós tha sas dei tóra. ― The doctor will see you now.
(transitive, of inanimate things) face, overlook (look out onto, as in a view)
Το μπαλκόνι έβλεπε στον δρόμο. ― To balkóni évlepe ston drómo. ― The balcony looked out on the street.
ὁράω • (horáō)
(intransitive) To look with the eyes [+ εἰς (accusative) = at something or someone]
(intransitive) To be able to see; (with negative) to be unable to see, to be blind
(copulative) To look a certain way [+accusative adjective or adverb]
Infinitive is added to an adjective, adverb, and so on to indicate that the description relates to sight: to see, to look at, to behold
δεινὸς ἰδεῖν
deinòs ideîn
horrible to look at
(transitive) To see, perceive, observe [+accusative and participle = someone doing something, that someone is doing something]
(transitive) To find out [+indirect question]
ὅρᾱ εἰ …
hórā ei …
see if/whether …
(transitive) To make sure [+infinitive = that …]
(intransitive and transitive, figuratively) To see with the mind, understand
ὁρᾷς; ὁρᾶτε;
horâis? horâte?
Do you see?
(transitive) To provide [+accusative and dative = something for someone]
Πότε το άκουγε αυτό;
When did he hear that?
σε ποση ωρα θα εισαι εδω?
When will you be here?
πόση • (pósē)
feminine nominative singular of πόσος (pósos)
πόσος • (pósos) m (feminine πόση, neuter πόσον); first/second declension
interrogative adjective of quantity: how much?, how many?, how big?, how great?, how far?, how long?
σέ
From Ancient Greek σέ (sé, “you”, pronoun).
Πότε θα έρθουν;
When will they come?
Βλέπουν το σπίτι.
They see the home.
βλέπετε το σπίτι.
You see the home.
Βλέπω το σπίτι.
I see the home.
βλέπουμε το σπίτι.
We see the home.
Βλέπει το σπίτι.
He sees the home.
αυτοί οι άνθρωποι βλέπουν το σπίτι.
Those people see the home.
οἱ • (hoi)
masculine nominative plural of ὁ (ho)
ποιοί είναι αυτοί οι ανθρώποι;
Who are those people?
Ποιος τηλεφωνεί;
Who is calling?
ποιος είσαι;
Who are you?
ποιός είναι αυτος;
Who is he?
ποιά είναι αυτή;
Who is she?
ποιός είμαι;
Who am I?
ποιος το έκανε αυτό;
Who did that?
τι συνέβη;
What happened?
τι είναι αυτό;
What is it?
εσυ τι θελεις?
What do you want?
Τι θέλω;
What do I want?
τι θέλει;
What does she want?
τι θέλουμε;
What do we want?
τι θέλουν;
What do they want?
δωσ ‘τουτο.
Give it to him.
δώστε τους.
Give it to them.
δώσε μου τo.
Give it to me.
δώστε μας.
Give it to us.
