Pedicatric Conditions

Question 1

If less than 3 months old what is the temperature cutoff

Answer 1

100.4/38.3

Question 2

if 3-6 months what is the temp cutoff

Answer 2

101/38.3

Question 3

if >6 months what is the temp cutoff

Answer 3

103/39.4

Question 4

Apgar score

Answer 4

measures a baby’s condition, if low then it is usually due to immature lung and heart development

Question 5

jaundice tx

Answer 5

light therapy

Question 6

vit k is given at birth for what

Answer 6

to prevent bleeding

Question 7

what drug can be given to close the ductus arteriosus

Answer 7

NSAIDs such as iv indomethacin

Question 8

What causes Respiratory Distress syndrome

Answer 8

a deficiency of surfactant production in lungs that are not fully developed

Question 9

What do babies born <35 weeks receive

Answer 9

Surfactant immediately after birth to prevent RDS

Question 10

Age cutoff for salicylate Reye’s

Answer 10

16 years old

Question 11

Why should ibuprofin be avoidd in infants less than <6 months

Answer 11

risk of nephrotoxicity

Question 12

what are simethicones given for in infants

Answer 12

intestinal gas

Question 13

age cutoff for FDA recomending cough and cold

Answer 13

<2 years old

Question 14

what is recomended for intermittant constipation in kids

Answer 14

miralax (can also use glycerin supositiories for quick relief or prunes/pears)

Question 15

What should be used for rehydration

Answer 15

pedialyte and engamil engalyte

Question 16

dosing for acetaminophen

Answer 16

10-15 mg/kg/dose every 4-6 hours

Question 17

dosing for ibuprofen

Answer 17

5-10 mg/kg/dose every 6-8 hours

Question 18

The concentration of all acetaminophen products for kids and infants

Answer 18

160mg/5mL

Question 19

What is the safety issue of ceftriazone in neonates

Answer 19

biliary sludging due to displacing which can cause brain damage

Question 20

emperic tx for meningitis in kids

Answer 20

ampicillin (for listeria coverage) + cefotaxime

or

ampicillin + gentamicin

Question 21

tx for meningitis in adult patients

Answer 21

ceftriaxone/cefotaxime + vanco and if over 50 then add ampicillin

Question 22

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is dangerous in what population and can cause what and is treated by what

Answer 22

infects all kids but dangerous in premature babies where it can cause bronchocholitis (swelling and mucus in the broncholes). Tx is primarily supportive but can give inhaled ribavirin (ribazole). Prophylaxis during the RSV season is indicated and palivuzumab (synagis).

Question 23

who should receive palivizumab (synagis) for RSV prophylaxis?

Answer 23

premature infants (with chronic lung disease if less than 12 months) or infants with heart disease

Question 24

what is croup

Answer 24

laryngottacheobronchitis which is due to a viral infection that causes inflammation of the upper airway and is signified by inspiratory stridor (high pitched breaching sound) barking cough and hoarseness. tx with systemic steroids (usually dexamethasone) and/or l isomer of epinephrine (an agrenergic agonist) to bronchodilate

Question 25

drug tx for peeing at night

Answer 25

despopressin, a analog of adh which will decrease nocturnal urine production but can cause hyponeturemia

Question 26

what age is codeine and tramadol contraindicated in

Answer 26

children less than 12 for any use and for codiene surgical use <18

Question 27

what age is promethazine contraindicated in

Answer 27

less than 2 for risk of respiratory depression

Question 28

why are quinolones not recommended in kids

Answer 28

adverse effects on cartilage, bone, and muscle

Question 29

why are tetracyclines not recommended in children and what is the one exception

Answer 29

they stain teeth, mineralize bone and cartialage. Exception is doxyccline for tick borne rickets because

Question 30

what can topical teeth containing products containing benzocaine cause

Answer 30

methemoglobinemia

Question 31

symptoms of measels and transmission

Answer 31

small white spots on the inside of checks, macropapiluar rash, airborne

Question 32

chickenpox symptoms

Answer 32

itchy rash