Theatre Flashcards

1
Q

What should the width of the cuff be with a tourniquet?

A

Min 1/2 diameter of limb

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2
Q

What should the inflation pressures be in UL and LL surgery?

A

UL 50mmhg above systolic

LL 100mmhg above systolic

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3
Q

Maximum tourniquet time UL vs LL

A

UL 90mins

LL 120mins

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4
Q

What is the minimum cuff length

A

3-6 inches overlap

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5
Q

CI to tourniquet? 5

A
  1. PVD
  2. Infection
  3. Sickle cell disease
  4. Poor skin
  5. Crush injuries
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6
Q

What What is the difference between the cut and coag settings in electrosurgery?

A
  1. Cut = continuous current
    Vaporises cells
  2. Coag = pulsed current
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7
Q

Which has a lower impedance and lower voltage - mono or bipolar?

A

Bipolar

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8
Q

What are the 2 main different methods of sterilisation using heat?

A

Steam

Dry heat

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9
Q

How does steam sterilisation work?

A

Steam heated to 121-134 degrees under pressure

Air removed

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10
Q

Dry heat vs steam

A

Much longer

Time dependant

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11
Q

Major types of chemical sterilization? 3

A

Ethylene Oxide
Ozone
NO2

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12
Q

2 different types of radiation sterilization

A
  1. Non Ionizing - UV

Ionizing

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13
Q

Examples of ionising radiation?

A
  1. Gamma
  2. Electron beam
  3. High energy xrays
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14
Q

Regarding theatre ventilation: how many CFU/m3?

A

<0.5

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15
Q

4 types of theatre ventilation?

A
  1. Plenum (Postitive Pressure)
  2. Laminar
  3. Ultraclean (HEPA >=0.3MicroM removed)
  4. Ex flow system (Howorth enclosure) (upside down trumpet)
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16
Q

What is plenum ventilation?

A

Positive pressure gradient created in theatre

17
Q

Air changes/ hr plenum?

A

20

18
Q

What is laminar air flow?

A

Entire body of air in a designated space moves in a uniform velocity in single direction along parallel flow lines

19
Q

Air changes/hr laminar?

A

300

20
Q

What does ultra clean ventilation entail?

A

High efficient Particulate Air filters

HEPA

21
Q

What is an ex-flow system?

A

Air moves downwards and outwards (Inverted trumpet)

More efficient that laminar flow

22
Q

What level of lighting is required?

A

30000 - 40000 lux

23
Q

What are the 5 theatre zones?

A
Outer
Clean
Restricted
Ultraclean
Dirty
24
Q

Wattage of monopolar diathermy power unit?

A

400W

25
Q

Minimum size of plate in monopolar>

A

70cm2

26
Q

Types of clothing in theatre?

A
  1. Open weave (80 microns - skin scales pass through)
  2. Closed weave (20 microns)
  3. Disposable non-woven (Spun laced fibres - trap bacteria - expensive)
27
Q

Diathermy hertz?

A

> 100

high freq