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Anatomy and Physiology > Tissues: Connective > Flashcards

Tissues: Connective Flashcards

1
Q

What kinds of connective tissue aren’t well supplied with blood and nerves?

A

-cartilage and tendons

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2
Q

Fibroblast

A

secretes fibers and components of ground substances

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3
Q

adipocytes

A

store triglycerides

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4
Q

mast cells

A

produce histamines

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5
Q

white blood cells (leukocytes)

A

immune response

neutrophils and eosinophils

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6
Q

macrophages

A

engulf bacteria + cellular debris with phagocytosis

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7
Q

plasma cells

A

secrete antibodies

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8
Q

ground substance

A
  • between cells and fibers
  • can be fluid, semifluid, gelatinous, or calcified
  • supports/binds cells, stores water, and allows exchange between blood and cells
  • complex combo of protein and polysacchrides
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9
Q

Embryonic connective tissue

A

mesenchyme and mucus connective tissue

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10
Q

Types of loose connective tissue

A

areolar, adipose, and reticular

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11
Q

types of dense connective tissue

A

regular, irregular, and elastic

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12
Q

areolar

A
  • most widely distributed
  • all 3 fibers and tons of cells (fibroblasts, , macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells)
  • found under skin layer; packages organs, surrounds capillaries
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13
Q

adipose

A
  • has adipocytes
  • good for insulation and energy reserves
  • white and brown adipose tissue
  • under skin, around kidneys/eyeballs; in abdomen and breasts
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14
Q

reticular

A
  • interlacing reticular fibers (netlike)
  • creates stroma that supports mast cells, WBCs, and macrophages
  • in lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, liver, spleen)
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15
Q

Which has more cells: dinse or loose connective tissue?

A

loose

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16
Q

Dense regular

A
  • collagen regularly arranged in parallel pattern for strength
  • fibroblasts make the collagen
  • not the best blood/nerve supply
  • in tendons and ligaments
17
Q

dense irregular

A
  • collagen fibers irregularly arranged
  • happens where pulling forces are exerted in many directions
  • dermis of skin + heart; fibrous joint capsules; digestive tract
18
Q

elastic connective tissue

A
  • tons of elastic fibers forming lamellae (collagen fibers are there too)
  • strong and can recoil after stretching
  • lungs and arteries (also some ligaments of vertebral column)
19
Q

Cartilage

A

-dense network of collagen and elastic fibers embedded in chondroitin sulfate

20
Q

chondrocytes

A

cartilage cells found in the lacunae

21
Q

perichondrium

A
  • dense irregular tissue that surrounds cartilage

- 2 layers: outer fibrous and inner cellular

22
Q

hyaline

A
  • most abundant cartilage
  • collagen is so fine that you can’t see it
  • usually surrounded by perichondrium
  • provides flexibility and support; reduces friction
23
Q

fibrocartilage

A
  • strongest cartilage
  • no parichondrium
  • chondrocytes are scattered among bundles of collagen fibers within extracellular matrix
  • found in intervertebral disc and menisci of knee
24
Q

elastic cartilage

A
  • chondrocytes are located within threadlike network of elastic fibers
  • perichondrium is present
  • provides strength and elasticity
  • found in ear and epiglottis
25
Q

repair and growth of cartilage

A

-both are slow

Interstitial growth = growth from chondrocytes within tissue

Appositional growth = growth from outer surface, just under perichondrium

26
Q

bone tissue components

A
  • bone (osseous) tissue
  • periosteum (dense ct)
  • edosteum (areolar ct)
27
Q

osteon/haverian system

A
  • tree trunk pattern with osteocytes inside lacunae
  • lacking in spongy bone –> only in compact
  • spongy bones have trabecullae
28
Q

blood

A
  • connective tissue with liqui extracellular matrix called blood plasma
  • cells: WBCs, RBCs, thrombocytes
29
Q

lymph

A 
lymphocytes = cells
-lymph = extracellular matrix

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