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Anatomy > Vasculature of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Vasculature of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

As it emerges from the left ventricle, the aortic arch gives rise to three major vessels, from right to left:

A

the brachiocephalic artery (trunk), the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery

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2
Q

On the right, the brachiocephalic artery (trunk) gives rise to the (2)

A

right common carotid artery and the right subclavian

artery

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3
Q

The subclavian arteries are the origin of blood supply to the

A

upper limb (but also head, neck, and brain)

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4
Q

The subclavian artery passes posterior to the anterior scalene muscle and courses posterior to the clavicle
into the axilla, where it becomes the

A

axillary artery

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5
Q

Blood supply originates with

A

subclavian artery

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6
Q

Subclavian a. branches supply (5)

A

brain, neck, pectoral
region, back and posterior shoulder (scapular
region)

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7
Q

Subclavian a. becomes

A

axillary artery

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8
Q

Axillary a. branches supply (3)

A

posterior shoulder

(scapular region), axilla, lateral thorax

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9
Q

Axillary a. becomes

A

brachial artery

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10
Q

Brachial a. branches supply (2)`

A

arm and cubital region

elbow

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11
Q

Brachial a. splits into (2)

A

radial artery and ulnar artery

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12
Q

Radial a. branches supply (3)

A 
cubital region (elbow), 
posterior forearm, hand
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13
Q

Ulnar a. branches supply (3)

A 
cubital region (elbow), 
anterior forearm, hand
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14
Q

Subclavian artery

Origin on the right:

A

brachiocephalic trunk

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15
Q

Subclavian artery

Origin on the left:

A

aortic arch

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16
Q

Subclavian artery

Arises posterior to

A

sternoclavicular joint

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17
Q

Subclavian artery

usually has - divisions in relation to

A

3

anterior scalene muscle

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18
Q

Subclavian artery

Part 1 is — to the anterior scalene muscle

A

medial

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19
Q

Subclavian artery

Part 1 is medial to the anterior scalene muscle (3)

A
  • Vertebral a.
  • Internal thoracic a.
  • Thyrocervical arterial trunk
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20
Q

Subclavian artery

Thyrocervical arterial trunk (4)

A
  • Transverse cervical a. (cervicodorsal trunk)
    * Deep branch (dorsal scapular a.)
    * Superficial branch
  • Suprascapular a.
  • Ascending cervical a.
  • Inferior thyroid a.
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21
Q

Subclavian artery

Part 2 is posterior to the

A

anterior scalene muscle

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22
Q

Subclavian artery

Part 2 is posterior to the anterior scalene muscle (1)

A

• Costocervical trunk

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23
Q

Subclavian artery

Costocervical trunk is divided into (2)

A
  • Supreme intercostal a.

* Deep cervical a.

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24
Q

Subclavian artery

Part 3 is lateral to the

A

anterior scalene muscle

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25
Q

Subclavian artery
Part 3 is lateral to the anterior scalene muscle
(1)

A

• Usually no arterial branches but sometimes dorsal

scapular a. will arise here

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26
Q

The superficial and deep branches of
The t.c.a. may arise independently. When they
do form an arterial trunk, this structure is
referred to as the

A

cervicodorsal trunk

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27
Q

Continuation of subclavian a.

A

axillary artery

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28
Q

axillary artery is posterior to —, supplies (3)

A

clavicle

axilla, pectoral and shoulder regions

29
Q

Axillary artery has 3 divisions relative to

A

pectoralis

minor muscle

30
Q

Axillary Artery
Part 1 is (2) to the pectoralis
minor m

A

proximal and medial

31
Q

superior thoracic artery:

A

passes between
pectoralis major and pectoralis minor to supply the
first and second intercostal spaces and the superior
part of serratus anterior.

32
Q

Axillary Artery

Part 2 is — to pectoralis minor m.

A

posterior

33
Q

Thoracoacromial trunk:

A

a short arterial trunk with 4 named

branches; pierces costocoracoid membrane

34
Q

Thoracoacromial trunk: a short arterial trunk with 4 named

branches; pierces costocoracoid membrane (4)

A
  • pectoral branch
  • deltoid branch
  • acromial branch
  • clavicular branch
35
Q

Lateral thoracic artery:

A

descends along lateral border of
pectoralis minor m. to lateral thoracic wall; supplies pectoral,
serratus anterior, and intercostal muscles, and lateral aspect of

36
Q

Axillary Artery

Part 3 is (2) to pectoralis minor m.

A

distal and lateral

37
Q

argest branch of axillary a

A

subscapular artery

38
Q

subscapular artery descends along

A

lateral border of subscapularis m.

39
Q

subscapular artery divides into (2)

A

circumflex scapular a.

thoracodorsal a.

40
Q

circumflex scapular a.

A

curves around lateral border of scapula to
enter infraspinous fossa and anastomose with
suprascapular a.

41
Q

circumflex scapular a. is of primary importance in

A

scapular anastomoses

42
Q

thoracodorsal a.

A

lesser contribution to scapular anastomoses

but principally supplies latissimus dorsi m.

43
Q

anterior circumflex humeral artery:

A

smaller; anterior around

surgical neck of humerus

44
Q

posterior circumflex humeral artery:

A

larger; posterior around
surgical neck of humerus and emerges in quadrangular space at
back of shoulder/scapular region with axillary n.; supplies deltoid,
teres major, teres minor, and long head of triceps muscles

45
Q

Scapular Anastomoses:

Arterial branches arising from the (2) from an anastomosis around the scapula, allowing — — to the upper limb

A

subclavian and axillary arteries (with some contributions from branches
arising directly from thoracic aorta)
collateral circulation

46
Q

Anastomosing Arterial Branches: (5)

A
  1. Suprascapular artery (from subclavian artery)
  2. Dorsal Scapular artery (deep branch of transverse cervical a. from
    subclavian a.)
  3. Posterior Intercostal arteries (from thoracic aorta) (less important)
  4. Circumflex Scapular artery (division of subscapular artery from
    axillary artery)
  5. Thoracodorsal artery (division of subscapular artery from axillary
    artery)
47
Q

In certain cases of injury to, or ligation or occlusion of the axillary artery superior to the subscapular artery,
direction of blood flow in the subscapular artery is

A

reversed, allowing blood to flow to the distal portion of the
axillary artery and the rest of the arm, forearm and hand.

48
Q

Brachial artery is a continuation of the

A

axillary artery

49
Q

Brachial artery begins at the

A

inferior border of tires major m.

50
Q

Brachial artery is relatively superficial/palpable in the — aspect of arm

A

medial

51
Q

main blood supply to the arm

A

brachial artery

52
Q

Radial and Ulnar arteries

Continuing Path of Blood Supply From

A

Arm (brachium) into Forearm (antebrachium)

53
Q

Anastomoses between:

Brachial Artery – Ulnar Artery (2)

A
  • Superior ulnar collateral – Posterior ulnar recurrent

* Inferior ulnar collateral – Anterior ulnar recurrent

54
Q

Anastomoses between:
Deep Brachial Artery – Radial & Interosseous
Arteries (2)

A
  • Radial collateral artery – Radial recurrent artery

* Middle collateral artery – Interosseous recurrent artery

55
Q

Anterior Forearm: (3)

A
  • ulnar artery (proper)
  • radial artery (proper)
  • anterior interosseous a.
56
Q

Posterior Forearm: (4)

A
  • radial artery (proper)
  • recurrent interosseous a.*
  • posterior interosseous a.
  • Dorsal carpal branch (ulnar a.)
57
Q

Superficial Palmar Arch (3)

A

• ulnar artery

  • common palmar digital aa.
  • proper palmar digital aa.
58
Q

Deep Palmar Arch (1)

A

• radial artery

59
Q

Radial artery (primarily) (3)

A
  • Princeps pollicis a. (medial thumb)
  • Dorsal carpal arch• Anatomical snuff box*
  • Dorsal digital arteries
60
Q

For deep drainage of the upper limb, most named arteries have
companion veins with same name. However, these veins may be

A

comprised of groupings and anastomoses of veins, making it

sometimes difficult to distinguish them as individual veins

61
Q

The two main superficial veins of the upper

limb are the

A

cephalic (lateral) and basilic

(medial) veins

62
Q

The cephalic and basilica veins are united in

the cubital fossa by the

A

median cubital vein

63
Q

The cephalic vein enters the deltopectoral

triangle (groove) and drains into the

A

axillary vein

64
Q

The basilic vein enters the basilic hiatus to

join with brachial veins and become

A

axillary

vein

65
Q

Veins from hand and wrist drain into

A

radial

and ulnar veins in forearm

66
Q

These then drain to

A

brachial veins in arm

67
Q

Brachial veins join with basilic vein as it

become

A

axillary vein

68
Q

Axillary vein picks up cephalic vein and

then drains in

A

subclavian vein

Anatomy (29 decks)

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