11/15 Pelvic Viscera Flashcards
(95 cards)
What does the pelvic viscera include?
Distal parts of the urinary system
Distal parts of the gastrointestinal tract
Reproductive system
What are the urinary system pelvic viscera?
Ureters, bladder, urethra
What do the ureters connect?
The kidneys to the urinary bladder
Are the ureters intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal in abdomen
Where are the ureters oriented in comparison to other structures (arteries, pelvis)?
At the bifurcation of the common iliac artery, pass over the pelvic brim, entering the lesser pelvis
After the ureters enter the lesser pelvis, how do they run?
along lateral wall, between the parietal pelvic peritoneum and internal iliac arteries
How do the ureters pass through the urinary bladder? What is contained in the ureters distally?
Pass obliquely through the urinary bladder
Connection is “flap valve”- one way valve
How does the pressure of the bladder affect the tissues?
The internal pressure from the filling of the bladder causes the intramural passage to collapse
How do the contractions of bladder musculature help?
act like a sphincter preventing the reflux of urine into the ureters when the bladder contracts
How does urine pass down the ureters?
via peristaltic contractions
How does the path of the female ureters differ from the males?
Female: Ureter passes medial to the origin of the uterine artery. At the ischial spine the ureter passes inferior to the uterine artery
Male: Ductus deferens passes between the ureter and peritoneum
What makes up the arterial supply of the ureters?
Ureteric branches are highly variable (common iliac a., internal iliac a., ovarian a.)
Ureteric branches form an anastomosis along the ureter
Uterine a./ inferior vesical a, supply terminal parts of the ureter
What is the venous supply of the ureters in comparison to the arterial supply?
Venous drainage parallels the arterial supply, draining to corresponding venous names
What is the urinary bladder and what is it like/made of?
Reservoir for urine
Hollow structure with muscular walls (detrusor muscle) and distensible.
What do the apex, fundus, body, and neck of the urinary bladder correspond with?
Apex-points toward superior edge of pubic symphysis.
Fundus- convex posterior wall
Body-area between the apex and the fundus
Neck- where fundus and inferolateral surfaces meet
What is the trigone of the urinary bladder?
area bounded by the ureteric orifices and internal urethral orifice
Where is the empty urinary bladder found in adults and infants/children?
Adults: lesser pelvis
Infants/Children: almost entirely in the abdomen, even when empty
What is the relationship between the urinary bladder and peritoneum? Where does the urinary bladder rest?
Inferior to the peritoneum, rests on pubic symphysis and prostate or vagina
What anchors the neck of the bladder?
lateral ligaments of the bladder and the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia
What are the anterior urinary bladder supports in the male and female?
Male: Puboprostatic ligament
Female: Pubovesical ligament
What makes up the arterial supply of the urinary bladder?
Superior vesical a. - Anterosuperior part of bladder
Male: Inferior vesical a. - Fundus and neck of bladder
Female: Vaginal a. - Postero-inferior bladder
Obturator and inferior gluteal a.
What makes up the venous drainage of the urinary bladder?
Form a complicated plexus on its inferolateral surface and pass backwards in the lateral ligaments of the bladder to end in the internal iliac veins
Is this male or female? What are the structures?
Male
A: obturator artery
B: superior vesical arteries
C: inferior gluteal artery
D: inferior vesical artery* (male structure)
Is this male or female? What are the structures?
Female
A: obturator artery
B: superior vesical arteries
C: inferior gluteal artery
D: vaginal artery* (female structure)
