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Flashcards in 11 Deck (21)
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1
Q

in daylight we have much greater spatial sensitivity on our

A

central retina

2
Q

visual acuity is measured when we look directly at

A

symbols on test chart

3
Q

photopigments in photoreceptors absorb light resulting in change in photoreceptors membrane potential

A

phototransduction

4
Q

phototransduction info is transmitted to

A

ganglion cells which transmits action potential through optic nerve to brian

5
Q

Visual pathways

A
photoreceptors in retina
LGN via optic n/optic chiasm/optic tract
primary visual cortex (area 17) via optic radiations (geniculostriate)
secondary cortex (area 18/19)
Sensory association cortex (39/40)
6
Q

ipsilateral monocular blindness

A

right eye visual field (optic nerve)

7
Q

bitemporal hemianopsia

A

peripheral vision in both eyes (optic chiasm)

8
Q

Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia

A

Left visual area in both eyes (optic tract)

9
Q

Contalateral homonymous inferior quadrantanopsia

A

Lower left visual in both eyes (upper portion optic radiation)

10
Q

shining a bright light into one eye stimulates

A

the pupillary and consensual reflexes

11
Q

constriction of the pupil in the other eye

A

consensual reflex

12
Q

Visual Pathways

A

photoreceptors in retina
Pretectum via the optic n/optic chiasm/optic tract
optic n, chiasm, and tract also branch to superior colliculus
Superior colliculus branches to the cortex and muscles of neck to reflexively turn head via the tectospinal pathway

13
Q

cortical areas that control voluntary eye movements

A

frontal eye fields

14
Q

cortical areas that provide info about the movement of visual objects

A

occipital and temporal regions

15
Q

cortical areas that provides spatial info for eye movements

A

the posterior parietal cortex

16
Q

Keeping position of eyes stable is achieved by

A

vestibulo-ocular reflex

Optokinetic reflex

17
Q

directing the gaze at visual targets is achieved by

A

Saccades
smooth pursuits
vergence movements

18
Q

fast eye movements to switch gaze from one object to another

A

saccades

19
Q

eye movements that follow a moving object

A

smooth pursuits

20
Q

movement of the eyes toward or away from midline to adjust for different distances between the eyes and the visual target

A

vergence movement

21
Q

coordinate head and eye movements

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus