7

Question 1

What helps protect the brain from both pathogens and internal chemicals like some hormones

Answer 1

Blood-brain barrier

Question 2

Where doe the brain get its blood supply

Answer 2

internal carotids

Vertebral arteries

Question 3

What artery doesn’t have a pair

Answer 3

the basilar artery

Question 4

Internal carotids branch from the

Answer 4

common carotid

Question 5

where do the internal carotids enter the skull

Answer 5

carotid canal

Question 6

Branches of the internal carotids

Answer 6

Anterior cerebral
Middle cerebral
opthalmic
Anterior choroidal
Anterior communicating
Posterior communicating

Question 7

artery to the lateral cortex

Answer 7

Middle cerebral artery

Question 8

Branch of the middle cerebral artery

Answer 8

lenticulostriate

Question 9

supply the cuadate, putamen, and anterior limb of the internal capsule

Answer 9

Lenticulostriate

Question 10

supplies retina and dura

Answer 10

opthalmic

Question 11

supplies parts of the internal capsule, thalamus, hippocampus and basal ganglia

Answer 11

Anterior choroidal

Question 12

small conduit between anterior cerebral arteries

Answer 12

Anterior communicating

Question 13

supplies parts of the hypothalamus, thalamus and hippocampus

Answer 13

Posterior communicating

Question 14

Circle of willis is made by

Answer 14

anterior communicating, anterior cerebral, posterior communicating and posterior cerebral

Question 15

At the junction of the posterior cerebral arteries until it bifurcates, becoming the vertebral arteries

Answer 15

Basilar artery

Question 16

branches of the basilar artery

Answer 16

Anterior inferior cerebellar
Pontine
Superior cerebral
Posterior cerebral

Question 17

Supplies pontine nuclei, some cranial nerve nuclei, corticopontine, corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts int he pontine area

Answer 17

Pontine

Question 18

Supplies the superior and middle cerebral peduncles, medial and lateral leminiscus, spinal tigeminal nucles, spinothalamic tract

Answer 18

Superior cerebellar

Question 19

Supplies most of the midbrain, thalamus, temporal loge and medial and inferior aspects of the occipital lobe

Answer 19

Posterior cerebral

Question 20

Branches of the vertebral arteries

Answer 20

Anterior spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Posterior spinal artery

Question 21

supplies 
Pyramids
medial leminiscus of medulla
medial longitudinal fasciculus
CN XII
Inferior olive

Answer 21

Anterior spinal artery

Question 22

supplies
spinothalamic and spinocerebellar tracts,
descending parts of CN V5
nucleus ambiguus
all the midbrain and vermis and inferior cerebellum

Answer 22

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 23

supplies
Fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus
Spinal trigeminal nucleus
inferior cerebellar peduncle 
some of the vagus nerve

Answer 23

Posterior spinal artery

Question 24

Insufficient blood flow

Answer 24

Ischemia

Question 25

Rupture of the vessel and bleeding into the cranial cavity

Answer 25

Hemorrhage

Question 26

Contralateral hemiplegia and somatosensory loss mainly in LE | Some loss of motivation and executive cognition

Answer 26

Anterior cerebral deficits

Question 27

Contralateral hemiplegia and somatosensory loss in the UE and head Aphasia Sensory association Some loss of executive cognition and working memory Major mulisystem dysfunciton as result of deep structure insult

Answer 27

Middle cerebral deficits can include

Question 28

Hemianopsia Several syndromes related to midbrain, thalamus, and subthalamic nuclei Webers syndrome

Answer 28

Posterior cerebral deficits can include

Question 29

Superior alternating hemiplegia Ipsilateral oculomotor dysfunction Pupil dilation Contralateral hemiplegia

Answer 29

webers syndrome

Question 30

Ipsilateral limb and gain ataxia Contralateral loss of pain and temp sensation ipsilateral horner's syndrome

Answer 30

Superior cerebellar deficits can include

Question 31

Increased influence of parasympathetic drive to the eye ipsilateral pupil constriction ptosis sinking in of eyeball

Answer 31

Horners syndrome

Question 32

ipsilateral loss of facial sensation ipsilateral horners syndrome contralateral hemianesthesia

Answer 32

anterior inferior cerabellar deficits can include

Question 33

Posterior inferior cerebellar deficits can include

Answer 33

Wallenbergs's syndrome

Question 34

Dysphagia and dysarthria (nucleus ambiguus) Ipsilateral pain and temp of face (CNV) contralateral pain and temp of body (spinothalamic tract) Vertigo (vestibular nuclei) Ipsilateral horner's

Answer 34

Wallenberg's syndrome

Question 35

Anterior spinal deficits can include

Answer 35

Medial medullary syndrome

Question 36

Contralateral conscious proprioception (medial leminiscus) Paresis (upper motor neuronds in pyramidal tract ) deviation of tongue to side of lesion (CN XII)

Answer 36

Medial medullary syndrome

Question 37

Ipsilateral conscious proprioception (nucleus cuneatus and gracillus)

Answer 37

Posterior spinal deficits can include

Question 38

what can occlude the vertebral arteries

Answer 38

Extension and rotation, especially with bad posture

Question 39

What can vertebral artery compromise result in

Answer 39

``` nystagmus dizziness nausea blurred vision loss of balance or fall ```

Question 40

Main sinuses

Answer 40

``` Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Sphenoparietal sinus Cavernous sinus Transverse sinus Confluence of sinuses ```

Question 41

runs the length of the in interhemisphereic fissure at the superior border of the falx cerebri draining much of the lateral and superior medial cortex

Answer 41

Superior sagittal sinus

Question 42

runs much of the length of the interhemispheric fissure at teh inferior border of the falx cerebri formin the straight sinus above the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 42

Inferior sagittal sinus

Question 43

drain the deep middle cerebral veins

Answer 43

Sphenoparietal sinus

Question 44

Convoluted sinus around the sella turcica. many important structures are surrounded by these sunuses

Answer 44

Cavernous sinus

Question 45

Wraps around the lateral aspects of the cerebellum draining the occipital cortex and cerebellum

Answer 45

transverse sinus

Question 46

near the occipital pole, the superior and straight sinuses connect to the tranverse sinuses, which becomes the sigmoid sinus which then descends to become the internal jugular vein

Answer 46

confluence of sinuses

Question 47

Layers that play an integral role in supporting the brain, vessels and CSF

Answer 47

Meninges

Question 48

Tough fibrous membrane that surrounds the venous sinuses

Answer 48

dura mater

Question 49

The dura extends between lobes of the brain in sheets called speta, to help hold it in place in relation to the vessels

Answer 49

Flax cerebri | Tentorium cerebelli

Question 50

Provides mechanical and chemical support for the brain acts like a protective water jacket carries away metabolites and toxins

Answer 50

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 51

____ are present in each ventricle

Answer 51

choroid plexuses

Question 52

sequence of verticles

Answer 52

``` Lateral ventricles 3rd ventricle cerebral aqueduct 4th ventricle empties to the central canal of the spinal cord ```

Question 53

Ventricles that wind around the basal ganglia, thalamus, midbrain

Answer 53

Lateral ventricles

Question 54

Narrow vertical space between the thalami, above the hypothalamus

Answer 54

3rd ventricle

Question 55

narrow channel running from the 3rd to 4th ventricle

Answer 55

Cerebral aqueducts

Question 56

pyramid shaped cavity behind the pons and below, anterior to, and between the hemisphere of the cerebellum

Answer 56

4th ventricle

Question 57

the continued production of CSF even if flow is obstructed

Answer 57

Hydrocephalus

Question 58

artery to medial and some frontal/parietal aspects of the cortex also support internal capsule, and some basal ganglia

Answer 58

anterior cerebral artery