1.1 Basic Anatomy Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
What are the four Muscles of Mastication?
A
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid
2
Q
What muscles ELEVATE (close) the mandible?
A
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
3
Q
What innervates the Muscles of Mastication?
A
Trigeminal nerve
4
Q
What muscles RETRACT the mandible?
A
Temporalis
5
Q
What muscles DEPRESS (open) the mandible?
A
Lateral Pterygoid
6
Q
What muscles Permits SIDE-TO-SIDE movement of the mandible?
A
Lateral Pterygoid
7
Q
What muscles PROTRUDE the mandible?
A
Lateral Pterygoid
8
Q
What innervates the Temporalis?
A
Trigeminal nerve
9
Q
What does the Temporalis do?
2
A
Elevates (closes) mandible
Retracts mandible
10
Q
What innervates the Masseter?
A
Trigeminal nerve
11
Q
What does the Masseter do?
A
Elevates (closes) mandible
12
Q
What innervates the Medial Pterygoid?
A
Trigeminal nerve
13
Q
What does the Medial Pterygoid do?
A
Elevates (closes) mandible
14
Q
What innervates the Lateral Pterygoid?
A
Trigeminal nerve
15
Q
What does the Lateral Pterygoid do?
3
A
Depresses (opens) mandible
Protrudes mandible
Moves mandible side-to-side
16
Q
What innervates the Muscles of the Face?
A
Facial nerve
17
Q
What are the Muscles of the Face?
11
A
Orbicularis oris
Zygomaticus major
Zygomaticus minor
Levator labii superior
Levator labii superior alaeque nasi
Levator anguli oris
Depressor anguli oris
Depressor labii inferior
Mentalis
Risorius
Buccinator
18
Q
What muscle draws upper lip upward and outward?
A
Zygomaticus minor
19
Q
What muscle closes, opens, protrudes, inverts, and twists lips?
A
Orbicularis oris
20
Q
What muscle raises the angle of the mouth?
A
Levator labii superior alaeque nasi
21
Q
What muscles elevate the upper lip?
4
A
Levator labii superior
Zygomaticus major
Zygomaticus minor
Levator anguli oris
22
Q
What is the smiling muscle?
A
Zygomaticus major
23
Q
What muscle draws the angle of the mouth upward and backward?
A
Zygomaticus major
24
Q
What muscle draws the angle of the mouth down and inward?
A
Depressor anguli oris
25
What muscle pushes up the lower lip?
Mentalis
26
What muscles depress the lower lip?
| 2
Depressor anguli oris
Depressor labii inferior
27
What muscle causes dimples?
Risorius
28
What muscle draws the corners of the mouth outward?
Risorius
29
What muscle gives an expression of strain to the face?
Risorius
30
What muscle holds food in contact with the teeth?
Buccinator
31
What muscle flattens the cheeks?
Buccinator
32
What muscle raises the chin?
Mentalis
33
What muscle retracts the angles of the mouth?
Buccinator
34
What does the Orbicularis Oris do?
| 5
Closes lips
Opens lips
Protrudes lips
Inverts lips
Twists lips
34
What innervates the Orbicularis oris?
Facial nerve
35
What does the Zygomaticus Minor do?
Draws upper lip upward and outward
36
What innervates the Zygomaticus minor?
Facial nerve
37
What does the Levator Labii Superior do?
Pulls up or elevates upper lip
38
What innervates the Levator labii superior?
Facial nerve
39
What does the Levator Labii Superior Alaeque Nasi do?
Raises angle of the mouth
40
What innervates the Levator labii superior alaeque nasi?
Facial nerve
41
What does the Zygomaticus Major do?
| 2
Draws upper lip upward
Draws angle of mouth upward and backward
42
What innervates the Zygomaticus major?
Facial nerve
43
What does the Levator Anguli Oris do?
Elevates corners of mouth
44
What innervates the Levator anguli oris?
Facial nerve
45
What does the Depressor Anguli Oris do?
| 2
Draws lower lip down
Draws angle of mouth down + inward
46
What innervates the Depressor anguli oris?
Facial nerve
47
What does the Depressor Labii Inferior do?
Depresses lower lip
48
What innervates the Depressor labii inferior?
Facial nerve
49
What does the Mentalis do?
| 2
Pushed up lower lip
Raises chin
50
What innervates the Mentalis?
Facial nerve
51
What does the Risorius do?
| 3
Draws corners or angle of mouth outward
Causes dimples
Gives expression of strain to face
52
What innervates the Risorius?
Facial nerve
53
What does the Buccinator do?
| 3
Flattens cheek
Holds food in contact with teeth
Retracts angles of the mouth
54
What innervates the Buccinator?
Facial nerve
55
What are the Muscles of the Palate?
| 5
Levator veli palatini
Tensor veli palatini
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
Uvulae
56
What innervates the Muscles of the Palate?
What is the exception?
Vegus nerve
Tensor veli palatini is innervated by the Trigeminal nerve
57
What muscle raises the soft palate?
Levator veli palatini
58
What muscle stretches the soft palate?
Tensor veli palatini
59
What muscle raises the back of the tongue (during the 1st stage of swallowing)?
Palatoglossus
60
What muscle shuts off the nasopharynx (during the 2nd stage of swallowing)?
Palatopharyngeus
61
What muscle shortens and raises the uvula?
Uvulae
62
What does the Levator Veli Palatini do?
Raises soft palate
63
What innervates the Levator Veli Palatini?
Vegus nerve
64
What does the Tensor Veli Palatini do?
Stretches soft palate
65
What innervates the Tensor Veli Palatini?
Trigeminal nerve
66
What does the Palatoglossus do?
| 3
Raises back of the tongue (during 1st stage of swallow)
Narrows fauces
Elevates posterior tongue
67
What innervates the Palatoglossus?
| 2
Vegus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
68
What does the Palatopharyngeus do?
Shuts off nasopharynx (during 2nd state of swallow)
69
What innervates the Palatopharyngeus?
Vegus nerve
70
What does the Uvulae do?
Shortens and raises uvula
71
What innervates the Uvulae?
Vegus nerve
72
What are the Suprahyoid Muscles?
| 8
Mylohyoid (anterior belly digastric)
Digastric (anterior belly)
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
73
What muscle elevates tongue and floor of mouth?
Mylohyoid (anterior belly digastric)
74
What muscles depress jaw when hyoid is in fixed position?
| 3
Mylohyoid (anterior belly digastric)
Digastric (anterior belly)
Geniohyoid
75
What muscle raises hyoid bone when jaw is in fixed position?
Digastric (anterior belly)
76
What muscle draws hyoid bone forward?
Geniohyoid
77
What elevates hyoid and tongue base?
Stylohyoid
78
What muscle is involved in tongue depression?
Hyoglossus
79
What muscle is involved in tongue protrusion and depression?
Genioglossus
80
What muscle elevates the tongue up and back?
Styloglossus
81
What muscle narrows the faces and elevates posterior tongue?
Palatoglossus
82
What does the Mylohyoid do?
| 2
Elevates tongue + floor of mouth
Depresses jaw when hyoid bone is in fixed position
83
What innervates the Mylohyoid?
Trigeminal nerve
84
What does the Digastric do?
| 2
Raises hyoid bone if jaw is in fixed position
Depresses jaw when hyoid bone is in fixed position
85
What innervates the Digastric?
Trigeminal nerve
86
What does the Geniohyoid do?
| 2
Draws hyoid bone forward
Depresses mandible when hyoid bone is in fixed position
87
What innervates the Geniohyoid?
Cervical nerves C1 + C2 through hypoglossal
88
What does the Stylohyoid do?
Elevates hyoid and tongue base
89
What innervates the Stylohyoid?
Facial nerve
90
What does the Hyoglossus do?
Depresses tongue
91
What innervates the Hyoglossus?
Hypoglossal nerve
92
What does the Genioglossus do?
| 2
Protrudes tongue
Depresses tongue
93
What innervates the Genioglossus?
Hypoglossal nerve
94
What does the Styloglossus do?
Elevates tongue up and back
95
What innervates the Styloglossus?
Hypoglossal nerve
96
What nerve is involved in general sensation for the anterior 2/3 of tongue?
Trigeminal nerve (V)
97
What nerve is involved in taste for the anterior 2/3 of tongue?
Facial nerve (VII)
98
What nerve is involved in taste and general sensation for the posterior 1/3 of tongue?
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
99
What nerve is involve in sensation for the tonsils, pharynx, and soft palate?
Pharyngeal branch of the Vegus nerve (X)
100
What nerve is involve in sensation for the pharynx, larynx, and viscera?
(2)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vegus (x)
101
What afferent controls are supplied by the Trigeminal Nerve (V) when swallowing?
General sensation of the anterior 2/3 of tongue
102
What afferent controls are supplied by the Facial Nerve (VII) when swallowing?
Taste in the anterior 2/3 of tongue
103
What afferent controls are supplied by the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) when swallowing?
Taste + general sensation in poster 1/3 of tongue
Secondary afferent info
104
What afferent controls are supplied by the Internal Branch of the SNL (Vegus X) when swallowing?
Mucosa of valleculae (groove behind root of tongue)
105
What afferent controls are supplied by the Pharyngeal Branch of Vegus Nerve (X) when swallowing?
Sensation of the tonsils, pharynx, and soft palate
106
What afferent controls are supplied by the Vegus Nerve (X) when swallowing?
Sensation of the pharynx, larynx, and viscera
107
What provides efferent innervations for Mastication?
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
108
What provides efferent innervations for the Buccinators?
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
109
What provides efferent innervations for the Floor of the Mouth?
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
110
What provides efferent innervations for the Lip Sphincter?
Facial Nerve (VII)
111
What provides efferent innervations for the Tongue?
Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
112
What provides efferent innervations for the Pharyngeal Constrictors + Stylopharyngeus
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
113
What provides efferent innervations for the Palate?
Vegus Nerve (X)
114
What provides efferent innervations for the Pharynx?
Vegus Nerve (X)
115
What provides efferent innervations for the Larynx?
Vegus Nerve (X)
116
What provides efferent innervations for the Esophagus?
Vegus Nerve (X)
117
What efferent controls are supplied by the Trigeminal Nerve (V) when swallowing?
(3)
Mastication
Buccinators
Floor of Mouth
118
What efferent controls are supplied by the Facial Nerve (VII) when swallowing?
Lip Sphincter
119
What efferent controls are supplied by the Hypoglossal Nerve (XII) when swallowing?
Tongue
120
What efferent controls are supplied by the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX) when swallowing?
(2)
Pharyngeal Constrictors
Stylopharyngeus
122
What efferent controls are supplied by the Vegus (X) when swallowing?
(4)
Palate
Pharynx
Larynx
Esophagus
123
What is the Cricopharyngeal muscle?
| 2
Lays at base of pharynx and top of esophagus
Acts as a sphincter
124
What is the name of the sphincter that separates the Esophagus from the Pharynx?
Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES)
Pharyngeal Esophageal Segment (PES)
125
What is the name of the sphincter that separates the Esophagus from the Stomach?
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)
