11: Deviance Crime and Violence

Question 1

deviance

Answer 1

deviance = bad -> behaviors that violate social norms

what is considered deviant varies across time and places = socially constructed

sanctioned or punished by society

Question 2

folkways

Answer 2

slightly weird compared to social norms but not serious

ex) sitting in a different seat every lecture

Question 3

mores

Answer 3

more serious -> violating one could cause social judgement

ex) tipping server at nice restaurant

Question 4

crime

Answer 4

act that violates the penal code

varies across time and places

types: violent vs property, street vs white-collar

Question 5

blue law

Answer 5

silly laws based on earlier norms from earlier society

ex) illegal to play bingo for 5 hours in NC

Question 6

moral panic

Answer 6

widespread and exaggerated public fear that a particular group/behavior are a threat to society’s values and interests

ex) demonic preschool cults -> children would go and get abused etc
- widespread panic and major media attention –> turned out to be false

Question 7

functionalist view

Answer 7

Durkheim -> deviance leads to social cohesion/unity

Question 8

merton’s strain theory

Answer 8

mismatch. between goals and socially acceptable means to reach them -> may experience strain reaching for goals that require deviance

Question 9

conflict theory view

Answer 9

deviance = product of social and economic inequality and power struggles

Question 10

hegemony

Answer 10

dominance of one social group over others: power elite

Question 11

symbolic interactionist view

Answer 11

deviance is not an inherent behavior but defined by social interactions and societal relations

Question 12

spoiled identity

Answer 12

individual’s social identity being diminished in the eyes of others due to a perceived negative attribute or behavior

Question 13

types of crime

Answer 13

violent vs property: assault vs stealing
street vs white-collar: vandalism vs fraud

Question 14

sociological causes of crime

Answer 14

individual factors vs contextual (social/structure) factors

environment

social bonds and social networks

Question 15

broken windows theory

Answer 15

visible signs of crime (ie broken windows), antisocial behavior, and civil disorder = environment that encourages crime

Question 16

trends in violent crime in US historically and comparatively

Answer 16

historically: spike from 1964 to 1974, peaking in 1980, big decrease from 1944 to 2000, levels out then slight decrease again

graph looks like mountain range with biggest mountain in 1980

comparatively: more homicides in the 1960s-1980s compared to now

Question 17

3 types of punishment

Answer 17

incarceration (prison, jail)
community supervision (probation, parole)
alternative sentences (house arrest, rehab

Question 18

3 principles of justice

Answer 18

retributive justice - punish offender (incarceration)
rehabilitative justice - changing offender (rehab)
restorative justice - repairing harm done to victims (accountability)

Question 19

mass incarceration trends comparatively and historically

Answer 19

US wins -> more people per capita

Question 20

effects of mass incarceration

Answer 20

racially disparate -> disproportionately affect black americans worse compared to others
- black -> cocaine, white/hispanic -> meth, heroin, weed

**parallels between system of jim crow and mass incarceration

Question 21

disenfranchisement

Answer 21

losing right to vote

florida, alabama: committed felony -> never allowed to vote
north carolina: vote after completing probation and parole

*felon disenfranchisement impacts elections