Susbtance abuse defnitions

Question 1

what is meant by subtance abuse

Answer 1

Pattern of subtance use causing physical, mental, social or occcupational dysfunction

icd - define a substance abuse dependeing on the substance and the type of disorder

Question 2

What is meant by acute intoxication, harmful use, depence and withdrawal

Answer 2

Acute intox - trnasiet state of emotional and behavioural change after taking pyshcoactive subtances (PS)- dose dependent and time limited

Harmful use - patern likely to cause physical or pyshc damage
dependency - cluster of phsyiological, behavioural, cognitive sx in which use of substance takes higher priority than others
Withdrawal - transiet state occuring when re-adjusting to lower levels of drugs in the body

Question 3

What is meant by PS induced psychotic disorder, amnesic disorder and residual/late onset psychotic disorder

Answer 3

Pyshcotic - psychotic sx are common afyer PS use, with vivid hallucination, abnormal affect, psychomotor distrubaces, persocutory delusions, delusions of reference

amnesic - memory and other cognitive impairment caused by PS (eg wernickes)

Residual/late onset - effects of behaviour, affect, personality or cognition lasting beyond active period of PS

Question 4

Epidiemology of substance abuse

Answer 4

2: 1 M:F alcohol diosrders - 6% in lifetime
4: 1 MF for substance misure - 15% prevalence

Question 5

What are the few different depence theories

Answer 5

Learning theories–
Classical conditioning - association of drugs with pleasure, needles with drugs etc
Operant conditioing - rewarding behaviours are repeated (Drugs) and repetition of relieving behaviours
Social learning theory - copy behaviours of others

neuro theories-
activation of dopimanergic rewards centre -
either via blocking DA re-uptake -cocaine,, aphetamine
or increasing DA- alcohol, opitates
blunted reward system

Question 6

What are the important features of any substance abuse Hx, and features to identify dependency

Answer 6

Hx-
current use - Type, route, amount, pattern
Current use -dependency and effect on life
Past use
future use

features of dependency (ICD10)->3 over last month

tolerance
Craving
withdrawal
Problems controlling use
continue despite harm
salience/primacy