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Module 11 Richard > 11.16 Pneumatic And Vacuum > Flashcards

11.16 Pneumatic And Vacuum Flashcards

1
Q

What is pneumatics

A

Using pressurised or compressed gas as a source of power

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2
Q

What gas is normally used in pneumatics

A

Air

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3
Q

What is pneumatics used for on aircraft

A
  • Engine starting
  • Cabin Pressurisation and air conditioning
  • Wing anti icing
  • Water reservoir pressurisation and hydraulic reservoir pressurisation on some aircraft
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4
Q

What components work pneumatically

A

Air driven pumps for hydraulics and air motors used for slat operation

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5
Q

In any pneumatic system what two things need to remain as constant to support the different consumers effectively

A

Air pressure and temperature

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6
Q

Where does the biggest source of air come from on an aircraft

A

The engine compressor provides enough air for combustion purposes and for the pneumatic system

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7
Q

What is the air called which comes from the engine compressors

A

Engine Bleed Air (EBA)

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8
Q

Other than the engines what is the other supplier of bleed air?

A

The APU

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9
Q

If the aircraft is on the ground how can the pneumatic system be powered or fed

A

By external air delivered via connectors (High pressure Ground Connectors)

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10
Q

What is used to maintain a constant level of pressure and regulate the engine bleed air supply at high engine speeds

A

A pressure regulator known as the bleed valve

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11
Q

What is done when the engine is on idle ( and more air pressure is required)

A

A second bleed valve is opened on the engine

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12
Q

What two compressor stages supply the bleed air system

A

HP(High pressure) and IP (Intermediate pressure)

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13
Q

When the HP stage is supplying the pneumatic system what is needed to protect the engine compressor against back flow?

A

A check valve

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14
Q

What is used to shut off APU bleed air supply

A

The APU bleed valve

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15
Q

What is used to prevent APU back flow

A

A check valve

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16
Q

What happens to the temperature of the air when thrust increases

A

Temperature increases

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17
Q

What cools the bleed air when thrust is high

A

A built in pre cooler consisting of Fan air from the front of the engine is ducted off to cool the air

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18
Q

What is used to modulate how much fan air goes past the pre cooler

A

A fan air valve

19
Q

What is pneumatic air distributed through

A

Ducts

20
Q

What are the ducts known as

A
  • The pylon duct
  • The left and right wing ducts
  • The APU duct
  • The crossover duct or cross bleed manifold
21
Q

What is used in the cross bleed manifold to isolate left from right wing pneumatic duct

A

A cross bleed valve

22
Q

How are the pneumatic ducts monitored for leaks

A

By a leak detection system

23
Q

How is the pneumatic system controlled from the cockpit

A

Either manually by the pneumatic panel or automatically by the pneumatic controller

24
Q

How many pneumatic controllers are there per engine

A

One per engine

25
Q

How is pressure in the system regulated

A

By valves, the main one called the bleed valve (pressure regulating shut off valve)

26
Q

What is the final predetermined value of the pneumatic system

A

Around 45 psi in most pneumatic systems

27
Q

What type of valve is the bleed valve

A

A butterfly valve

28
Q

What functions does the bleed valve serve

A
  • The shut off function
  • A pressure regulation function
  • A check valve function
  • An over temperature control function
  • A reverse flow function on some aircraft

A pneumatic controller controls all of these functions

29
Q

What does a pneumatically operated valve consist of

A
  • A valve body
  • A closure element
  • An actuator assembly
30
Q

How does the actuator open the bleed valve

A

Pressure is picked up from the airflow moving towards the pressure plate, this is bled in to the open side of the actuator where it builds up. When the air pressure has builds up enough it will overcome the spring and move the piston. As a result the plate moves

31
Q

What does the pre cooler air out temperature must be

A

Between 160-200 degrees c

32
Q

What is used to monitor the in and out temperature of the air in the pre cooler

A

A thermostat

33
Q

What is the reverse flow for

A

It is used to flow in the direction of the engines to start them

34
Q

What pressure is the over pressure valve usually closed

A

85psi

35
Q

What is the purpose of the overpressure valve

A

In the event of a failure it can dump pressure if it builds up to high

36
Q

Other than an over pressure valve what is another method of overpressure relief

A

A pressure switch

37
Q

What must be done before bleed air is bled from the HP compressor

A

The HP valve must be open

38
Q

What is the standard size for ground connectors to connect external air

A

3 inches ( 3 inch ground connectors)

39
Q

Where is the manual override for the cross bleed system

A

It is built in to the cross bleed valve for safety reasons

40
Q

What are leaks monitored by

A

Overheat detectors

41
Q

What does a leak result in

A

An overheat

42
Q

What display page are all pneumatic performance indication on

A

EICAS or ECAM

43
Q

What must be done when the aircraft is being supplied with external air

A

Make sure there is at least one window or door open to prevent accidental aircraft pressurisation

44
Q

When is the only time that the APU bleed valve is shown on ECAM

A

When the APU is running

Module 11 Richard (19 decks)

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