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Medicine 2 Week 6 - 11 > Musculoskeletal Injury > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Injury Flashcards

1
Q

What type of injuries are most common sports injuries

A

Soft tissue injuries

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2
Q

Soft tissue

A

Tissues that connect, support or surround other structures & organs of the body

Includes muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia, nerves, fibrous tissues, fat, blood vessels, bursae and synovial membranes

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3
Q

What happens to the synovial fluid and cartilage in bones during aging and what is the consequence

A

The synovial fluid decreases and cartilage thins, making joints stiffer and less flexible

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4
Q

Acute injuries (musculoskeletal)

A

Direct - Caused by an external blow/force

Indirect - Actual injury can occur some distance from the impact site; injury does not result from physical contact but from internal forces built up by actions of performer

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5
Q

Overuse injuries (musculoskeletal)

A

Exercise applies stress; body adapts by thickening & strengthening various tissues. Thus, muscles get stronger/firmer/larger, tendons get stronger and bone density increases

If exercise occurs in such a way that adaptation cannot occur, excessive overload causes microscopic injuries leading to inflammation - body’s response to injury

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6
Q

Causes of overuse injuries (musculoskeletal)

A 
Training errors
Improper technique
Excessive training
Inadequate rest
Muscle weakness & early specialisation
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7
Q

Symptoms of overuse injuries (musculoskeletal)

A

Gradual onset resulting in athletes going undiagnosed & untreated for longer periods of time

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8
Q

Acute Injuries at Bone

A

Fracture

Periosteal Contusion

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9
Q

Overuse Injuries at Bone

A

Stress Fracture
‘Bone Strain;, ‘Stress Reaction’
Osteitis, Periostitis
Apophysitis

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10
Q

Acute Injuries at Articular Cartilage

A

Osteochondral/chondral fractures

Minor Osteochondral Injury

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11
Q

Overuse Injuries at Articular Cartilage

A

Chondropathy (e.g. softening, fibrillation, fissuring, chondromalacia)

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12
Q

Acute Injuries at Joints

A

Dislocation

Subluxation

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13
Q

Overuse Injuries at Joints

A

Synovitis

Osteoarthritis

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14
Q

Acute Injuries at Ligaments

A

Sprain/tear

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15
Q

Overuse Injuries at Ligaments

A

Inflammation

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16
Q

Acute Injuries at Muscles

A

Strain/Tear
Contusion
Cramp
Acute Compartment Syndrome

17
Q

What does obesity cause at joints like the knee

A

Degradation of cartilage as a result of weight and overuse

18
Q

Intrinsic Risk factors to Sports Injury

A 
Age
Sex
Body Composition
PMH
Physical Fitness
Anatomy
Skill Level
Psychological factors (e.g. competitiveness, motivation, perception of risk)
19
Q

Extrinsic Risk factors to Sports Injury

A

Sporting factors (contact/non-contact), level of play, position played, coaching, rules, umpire

Protective Equipment

Sports Equipment

Envirionment (Weather, floor, time)

20
Q

Most common injury in basketball

A

Lateral Ankle Sprain when foot rolls inwards

21
Q

Types of Mechanism of Injury (Musculoskeletal)

A 
Blunt or Penetrating
Direct/Indirect Trauma
Torsion
Shearing
Hyperextension/flexion (e.g. whiplash)
22
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Soft Tissue Injury

A 
Tenderness
Pain
Bruising
Swelling
Weakness
Reduced Range of Movement

**TRY memorise this

23
Q

Ligament Sprain Grading

A
24
Q

Management of Musculoskeletal Injury

A

POLICE

P - Protect
OL - Optimal Loading (Off-loading, then enough to stimulate shit to heal)
I - Ice
C - Compress
E - Elevate
25
Q

Things to avoid after injury

A

HARM

H - Heat
A - Alcohol
R - Running (don’t ignore the injury)
M - Massage (can cause more swelling/bleeding)

26
Q

Return to Play Protocol / Timeline of Injury

A
27
Q

Subsequent Treatment for Musculoskeletal Injury

A

Pain Relief
(bottom of analgesic ladder)

Regain Full Movement
Primary aim of treatment once initial trauma is settled

Muscle Strengthening
Provide support during early recovery phase, to prevent re-injury & return you to everyday function & sport

Proprioceptive Training
Injury causes nerve pathway damage that affects your ability to control your joint position - proprioception

Medicine 2 Week 6 - 11 (54 decks)

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