1.1.5 - Proteins - formations

Question 1

what are proteins made of

Answer 1

• C
• O
• H
• N
• sometimes sulfer or phosphorus

Question 2

what is a protein?

Answer 2

• a polymer
• made of monomers called amino acids
• made up of about 20 different amino acids
• linear sequences of amino acids

Question 3

what are chains of amino acids called?

Answer 3

polypeptides

Question 4

what determines the shape of proteins?

Answer 4

• specific sequence of amino acids in the chain

Question 5

describe the structure of an amino acid

Answer 5

• central carbon atom
• amino group (-NH₂) > N terminal
• carboxyl group (-COOH) > C terminal
• hydrogen atom
• R group (variable group)

Question 6

at pH 7 (pH of cell), why is an amino acid positively and negatively charged?

Answer 6

amino group -> gains H and becomes positively charged

carboxyl group -> is acidic so at pH 7 it loses a H becoming negatively charged

Question 7

describe the condensation reaction producing a peptide bond

Answer 7

• amino group of 1 amino acid reacts with carboxyl group of another with the elimination of water

Question 8

what is the resulting compound of a condensation reaction between amino acids

Answer 8

dipeptide