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Anatomy > 12: PNS & ANS > Flashcards

12: PNS & ANS Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory nerve

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2
Q

CN II

A

Optic Nerve

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3
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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4
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear nerve

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5
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal nerve

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6
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens nerve

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7
Q

CN VII

A

Facial nerve

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8
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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9
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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10
Q

CN X

A

Vagus nerve

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11
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory nerve

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12
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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13
Q

What cranial nerve is the oculomotor nerve? What are its motor functions?

A

CN III

Extrinsic eye muscles (Superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique), constrict pupil

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14
Q

What cranial nerve is the trochlear nerve? What are its motor functions?

A

CN IV
Extrinsic eye muscle (Superior oblique)

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15
Q

What cranial nerve is the trigeminal nerve? What are its sensory functions? What are its motor functions?

A

CN V

Sensory: Face, teeth, tongue

Motor: Muscles of mastication

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16
Q

What cranial nerve is the abducens? What are its motor functions?

A

CN VI
Extrinsic eye muscle (Lateral rectus)

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17
Q

What cranial nerve is the facial nerve? What are its sensory functions? What are its motor functions?

A

CN VII

Sensory: Taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue)

Motor: Muscles of facial expression, secretion of saliva and tears

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18
Q

What cranial nerve is the vestibulocochlear nerve? What are its sensory functions?

A

CN VIII

Hearing and balance

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19
Q

What cranial nerve is the glossopharyngeal nerve? What are its sensory functions? What are its motor functions?

A

CN IX

Sensory: Taste (Posterior 2/3 of tongue)

Motor: Swallowing and secretion of saliva

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20
Q

What cranial nerve is the vagus nerve? What are its sensory functions? What are its motor functions?

A

CN X

Sensory: Visceral sensation (thoracic and abdominal cavities)

Motor: Swallowing, control of respiratory system, heart and digestive system

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21
Q

What cranial nerve is the accessory nerve? What are its motor functions?

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A

CN XI
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

22
Q

What cranial nerve is the hypoglossal nerve? What are its motor functions?

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A

CN XII
Tongue muscles

23
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves?

24
Q

Where are cell bodies for the sensory nerves of the PNS found?

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A

Posterior root ganglion

25
What are the 4 principle plexuses?
Cervical Brachial Lumbar Sacral
26
What spinal nerves are involved in the brachial plexus?
C5-T1
27
What nerves are involved in the lumbar plexus? What does it innervate?
L1-L4 Innervates the anterior and medial thigh
28
What nerves are involved in the sacral plexus? What does it innervate?
L4-S4 Innervates all of the lower limb except the anterior/medial thigh
29
What kind of reflex is the stretch reflex?
Monosynaptic
30
What is a monosynaptic reflex?
A reflex involving one CNS synapse (like in the spinal cord)
31
What kind of reflex is the withdrawal reflex?
Polysynaptic
32
In the autonomic nervous system, which neurons are myelinated and which are not?
Preganglionic neurons are myelinated Postganglionic neurons are not myelinated
33
How many neurons are used to reach the target muscle in the somatic nervous system?
one
34
How many neurons are used to reach the target muscle/gland in the autonomic nervous system?
2 Preganglionic and postganglionic
35
Where do preganglionic neurons synapse with other neurons in the ANS?
Autonomic ganglia
36
What is the sympathetic division autonomic nervous system's nickname? What is its function?
Fight or flight system Activated in emergency situations and when excited or stressed
37
Where does the sympathetic nervous system exit from the CNS?
Thoracic and lumbar spinal cord T1-L2
38
Where are parasympathetic ganglia found?
Near or within the target organ
39
Where do preganglionic axons synapse in the parasympathetic nervous sytem?
Parasympathetic ganglia
40
What is the enteric nervous system?
Large network of neurons in the wall of the digestive tract
41
What is the relationship between the ANS and the enteric nervous system?
The enteric nervous system can be influenced by the ANS, but the system can also function independently of the brain and spinal cord
42
What is the nickname for the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
Rest-and-digest
43
What is the function of the parasympathetic division?
Rest-and-digest Conserves energy and replenishes energy stores
44
What are sympathetic ganglia called? Where are they?
Near the CNS and vertebral column (sympathetic trunk) Called sympathetic chain ganglia and prevertebral ganglia
45
What are parasympathetic ganglia called near the target organ? Within the target organ?
Terminal ganglia Intramural ganglia
46
In the parasympathetic nervous system, which of the two axons are longer?
Pre-ganglionic axons The parasympathetic ganglia are in or near the target organ
47
Where does the parasympathetic nervous system exit the CNS?
Brainstem (CN III, VII, IX, X) Sacral spinal cord
48
What is dual innervation?
Most organs are innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. The two divisions often oppose each other
49
How can a dual innervation effect be achieved if there is only innervation from parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system?
Increasing or decreasing activity in the one division
50
How many neurons does the enteric nervous system have?
Contains as many neurons as the spinal cord

Anatomy (22 decks)

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