Chapter 3

Question 1

repository/ depot preparation

Answer 1

injectable drug in a substance that delays its absorption

Question 2

ampule

Answer 2

small sterile prefilled glass containers containing medication for injection

Question 3

bolus

Answer 3

concentrated mass of drug

Question 4

continuous infusion of fluids

Answer 4

administration of a large volume of fluid continuously over extended periods of time

Question 5

intermittent IV therapy

Answer 5

dilution of a drug dose in a small volume of fluid that is administered over a period of time (typically 30-60 min) via an indwelling catheter

Question 6

irritating/hyperosmotic solutions

Answer 6

solution types that should not be given subcutaneously

Question 7

volatilized

Answer 7

turned into a gas

Question 8

cream

Answer 8

drug suspended in water-oil emulsion

Question 9

paste

Answer 9

drug suspended in a semisolid preparation that retains its state at body temperature

Question 10

lotion

Answer 10

suspended in liquid for dabbing, brushing, or dipping on skin without friction

Question 11

therapeutic range

Answer 11

the plasma concentrations of a drug that produce the desired effect in the animal with minimal or no signs of toxicity

Question 12

how are drugs prepared for nebulization?

Answer 12

volatilized for inhalation

Question 13

when does the onset of drug action begin?

Answer 13

when the drug achieves MEC

Question 14

what are the 6 rights of drug administration?

Answer 14

right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right patient, right documentation

Question 15

why are drugs given at certain times?

Answer 15

to keep plasma levels within normal range

Question 16

what do you document in the medical record after giving a drug?

Answer 16

drug name, dose administered, time and date of administration, route and site if given by injection, patient’s response, initials/signature

Question 17

subtherapeutic range

Answer 17

the drug concentration in the body below the MEC

Question 18

toxicity

Answer 18

drug concentration in the body above the MTC, patient shows signs of toxicity

Question 19

maximum safe concentration (MSC)

Answer 19

drug reaches its highest plasma concentration without producing toxic effects, and it is the concentration achieved by administration of the highest dosage of the drug that can be safely administered

Question 20

duration of drug action

Answer 20

length of time the drug produces the desired effect and is related to the amount of time the drug concentration is at or above MEC

Question 21

what are some factors of getting and keeping drugs in therapeutic range?

Answer 21

properties of the drug, health and physiology of the animal, balance between rate of drug entry and rate of drug elimination

Question 22

aqueous solution

Answer 22

solutions of drugs dissolved in liquid, usually water

Question 23

emulsion

Answer 23

mixture of 2 immiscible liquids, one being dispersed throughout the other in small droplets

Question 24

perivasculary/ extravasculary

Answer 24

IV drugs that are accidentally injected out of the vein, can cause tissue inflammation and necrosis

Question 25

intramammary medication route

Answer 25

fast even distribution, rapid decrease of drug residues in milk after treatment, thickening of agents are used to modify the rate of release, antioxidants are often used incorporated in formulations to prevent spoilage

Question 26

neubulized drugs

Answer 26

fine spray for inhalation

Question 27

SR (slow release) tablets

Answer 27

coated, release in controlled fashion

Question 28

molded tablets

Answer 28

soft, chewable, has flavoring agent

Question 29

enteric-coated tablet

Answer 29

coating prevents dissolving in acidic stomach and dissolves in the alkaline environment of the small intestine

Question 30

capsule drugs

Answer 30

gelatin shells holding a powder or liquid form of the drug, shell dissolves in stomach, medicine absorbed through small intestine

Question 31

lozenge drugs

Answer 31

drugs incorporated into a hard candy tablet that allows slow release of the drug

Question 32

suspension

Answer 32

particulate undissolved substance. dispersed in water

Question 33

dose

Answer 33

amount of drug that is administered at one time to achieve desired effect

Question 34

loading dose

Answer 34

initial dose of drug used to get the drug concentration in the therapeutic range in a very short period of time

Question 35

maintenance dose

Answer 35

dose of a drug that maintains the drug in therapeutic range

Question 36

dosing interval

Answer 36

how frequently the dosage is given