Respiratory Function Tests

Question 1

What does spirometry measure

Answer 1

Expired and inspired air

Question 2

What 3 related measurements is spirometry based on

Answer 2

Volume
Time
Flow

Question 3

What can spirometry be used for

Answer 3

Assess lung disease
Quantify lung impairment
Monster effects of occupational or enviro exposures
Determine effects of medications

Question 4

How should patient be positioned in spirometry

Answer 4

Sit upright
Feet flat on floor
Legs uncrossed

Question 5

Spirometry technique

Answer 5

Deep breath taken -> mouth tightly around mouthpiece -> exhale hard and fast min 6 secs

Question 6

What is the minimum length of expiration for spirometry

Answer 6

6 secs

Question 7

Tidal volume

Answer 7

Amount of air moved into or out of lungs at rest

Question 8

Forced vital capacity

Answer 8

Max volume of air forcibly exhaled after deep full breath

Question 9

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 9

Volume of air you can draw into your lungs

Question 10

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 10

Volume of air you can expel from your lungs

Question 11

Residual volume

Answer 11

Volume of air that remains in lungs even after maximal exhalation

Question 12

What 3 things are added to make forced vital capacity

Answer 12

Inspiratory reserve vol + tidal vol + expiratory reserve vol

Question 13

FEV1

Answer 13

Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec

Question 14

How many attempts are needed for PEF

Answer 14

3

Question 15

Peak expiratory flow

Answer 15

Max airflow after completely filling lungs and exhaling hard and fast

Question 16

What factors effect predicted spirometry values for a patient

Answer 16

Height
Weight
Age
Sex
Ethnic origin
Smoking
Environment

Question 17

What are spirometry results compared against

Answer 17

Reference values
Predicted values

Question 18

How do FEV1 and FVC change with height

Answer 18

Incr w height

Question 19

How do FEV1 and FVC change with age

Answer 19

Decr w age

Question 20

Which asthma patients may have normal spirometry

Answer 20

Well managed asthma

Question 21

How does unmanaged asthma appear on spirometry

Answer 21

Decr FEV1 and FVC

Question 22

How can an asthma patients spirometry be improved short term

Answer 22

Bronchodilator

Question 23

How does asthma effect flow rate

Answer 23

Decrease

Question 24

Are the volume time traces and flow volume traces of an an asthma patient above or below range of normalcy

Answer 24

Below

Question 25

What FEV1/FVC ratio is normal

Answer 25

Above 70%

Question 26

What percentile of the population sets the lower limits of normality for spirometry

Answer 26

95th

Question 27

What does DLCO/TLCO assess

Answer 27

How efficient lungs are at exchanging gases

Question 28

Does haemoglobin preferentially bind to CO or O2

Answer 28

CO

Question 29

What does DLCO measure

Answer 29

Quantity of CO transferred per minute from alveolar gas to RBCs

Question 30

DLCO single breath hold technique

Answer 30

Unforced exhalation -> rapid inhalation of CO/helium to TLC -> breath hold 10 sec -> unforced exhalation less than 4 sec -> exhaled breath sampled

Question 31

How can DLCO be calculated

Answer 31

Lung surface area available for gas exchange x rate of capillary blood CO uptake

Question 32

What % of the predicted value is normal for DLCO

Answer 32

75%+

Question 33

What do exercise tests assess

Answer 33

How much exercise a patient can manage
Benefit of extra O2 to help w daily activities
Pre operative fitness

Question 34

3 types of exercise test

Answer 34

6 min walk
Shuttle walk
Cardio pulmonary exercise