Pathology - Renal Pathology

Question 1

which bacteria is usually responsible for kidney infections?

a.staph aureus
b,streptococcus
c.e coli
d. c. diff
e.pseudomonas

Answer 1

c.e coli

Question 2

which immune mediated condition causes alteration of the glomerular filtration barrier without inflammation, with the key sign being protein in the urine

a.acute pyelonephritis
b.nephrotic syndrome
c.nephritic syndrome
d.renal cysts

Answer 2

b.nephrotic syndrome

Question 3

which immune mediated condition causes inflammation in the glomeruli leading to haematuria, proteinuria and hypertension

a.acute pyelonephritis
b.nephrotic syndrome
c.nephritic syndrome
d.renal cysts

Answer 3

c.nephritic syndrome

Question 4

kidney cysts are usually…

a.fatal
b.medical emergency
c.harmless

Answer 4

c.harmless

Question 5

baby with polycystic kidney disease , leading to rapid organ failure soon after birth how would the alteration in the PKHD1 gene in this case be inherited

a.autosomal recessive
b.autosomal dominant
c.x linked

Answer 5

a.autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

Question 6

30 year old woman with abdominal pain, hypertension , blood in urine,no protein in urine, scan shows upper UT kidney stones which condition most likely

a.nephritic syndrome
b.nephrotic syndrome
c.autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
d.autosomal dominant kidney disease

Answer 6

d.autosomal dominant kidney disease

In adults age 30-60
cysts deep in kidneys
PKD1 gene faulty

Question 7

which cell type most likely to be seen in a renal cell carcinoma

a.clear cell type
b.null cell
c.mesenchymal neoplasm

Answer 7

a.clear cell type

Question 8

what type of cell carcinoma is often found in the renal pelvis

a.clear cell type
b.null cell
c.squamous
d.transitional

Answer 8

d.transitional

Question 9

wilms tumour of the kidney is most commonly found in which group

a.men
b.women
c.children
d.elderly

Answer 9

c.children

Question 10

which tumour is usually made up of blastema(mass of cells capable of proliferation), epithelia, stroma

a. wilms
b.transitional cell carcinoma
c.angiomyolipoma
d.oncocytoma

Answer 10

a. wilms

Question 11

which benign kidney tumour is usually made up of blood vessels, muscle and fat
a. wilms
b.transitional cell carcinoma
c.angiomyolipoma
d.oncocytoma

Answer 11

c.angiomyolipoma

smooth muscle, thick dysmorphic BV, adipose tissue

Question 12

which benign kidney tumour is usually made up of large round eosinophilic cells packed with mitochondria
a. wilms
b.transitional cell carcinoma
c.angiomyolipoma
d.oncocytoma

Answer 12

d.oncocytoma

Question 13

which white blood cell are raised in bacterial infection

a.lymphocytes
b.phagocytes
c.neutrphils
d.basophils
e.eosinophils

Answer 13

c.neutrphils

Question 14

what is the most common type of kidney stone

a.calcium oxalate
b.uric acid
c.struvite

Answer 14

a.calcium oxalate

Question 15

patient with blood in urine, high temp, pain in side of tummy severe and comes and goes which most likely

a.nephritic syndrome
b.nephrotic syndrome
c.autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
d.angiomylipoma
e.large renal calculi

Answer 15

e.large renal calculi

Question 16

patient with symptoms of large renal calculi and in severe pain should be offered what in diagnosis stage

a.CT scan
b. ultrasound
c.urine dipstick

Answer 16

a.CT scan

and urine and blood tests

Question 17

which drugs are used to help move a kidney stone out of the urinary tracts

a.beta blockers
b.alpha blockers
c.NSAIDS
d. aspirin
e.m3 agonists

Answer 17

b.alpha blockers

NSAID given for pain