Spore forming, gram positive rods

Question 0

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 0

produces anthrax (federally reportable)
fowl are resistant

Question 1

Bacillus

Answer 1

Family: Bacillaceae
spores formed under adverse conditions
Spores of pathogens appear oval, central, and non bulging
Spores of non pathogens appear oval, central, and bulging
Pathogens have capsule, non pathogens do not
pathogens do not have flagella, non pathogens do.
aerobic or facultative anaerobe

Question 2

Clostridium

Answer 2

Family: Bacillaceae
many pathogenic species
obligate anaerobe
Do not produce capsules except for Cl. perfringens
Produce flagella except for Cl. perfringens
Produce spores except for Cl. perfringens
Produce exotoxins (gas gangrene group)

Question 3

Clostridium tetani

Answer 3

tetanus

lockjaw

Question 4

Clostridium botulinum

Answer 4

many strains
botulism or food poisoning in man
limberneck in chickens

Question 5

Clostridium novyi

Answer 5

normal in soil
gas gangrene
big head in rams
hepatitis or black disease in sheep and cows

Question 6

Clostridium hemolyticum

Answer 6

simliar to Clostridium novyi
Red water disease
treat with penicillin and whole blood transfusion

Question 7

Clostridium chauvoei

Answer 7

black leg or black quarter in sheep and cattle
produces gas in muscles
found worldwide in soil and pastures
not disease causing in man

Question 8

Clostridium septicum

Answer 8

gas gangrene or malignant edema in animals
causes some cases of balckleg
normal in soil and feces

Question 9

Clostridium perfringens

Answer 9

gas gangrene in man
abdominal pain and diarrhea
enterotoxemia in sheep and cattle 
lamb dysentery
gangrenous mastitis

Question 10

Clostridium Colinum

Answer 10

ulcerative enteritis in game birds
treated with suitable anti-toxin
prevent by vaccination

Question 11

Clostridium difficile
Nosocomial infection
found in nature
causes diarrhea

Answer 11

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