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Motion Analysis > Quiz #2 > Flashcards

Quiz #2 Flashcards

1
Q

All points on the object of interest move the same distance in the same time

A

linear

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2
Q

The description of the spatial and temporal components of motion

A

kinematics

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3
Q

Linear kinematics:
Fundamentally we need to quantify the _ and _ characteristics of the movement

A

spatial and temporal

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4
Q

Kinematic analysis:
- many uses
- sports scientists and coaches often use kinematics to characterize _. Ex: analyzing movement patterns, golf club head swing

A

elite performance

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5
Q

Kinematic analysis:
- Ergonomists use kinematics to _. Ex: assessing poor postures, high task repetition
- Doctors and physiotherapists. Ex: assessing walking gait with protheses, range of motion

A

assess injury risk

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6
Q

Temporal analysis:
- temporal = _
- answers the question “how long?”

A

time

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7
Q

Temporal analysis: Tools

A
  • stopwatch
  • video
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8
Q

Temporal analysis:
Determination of time from video
- 1 _ = 1 sample/second

A

Hertz (Hz)

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9
Q

Temporal analysis:
Normal video cameras operate at _
- Your ability to see 60 fields/second depends on the _ of your playback device

A
  • 60 fields/second
  • resolution
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10
Q

Temporal analysis:
Determine the resolution of a playback device using a stopwatch
- 30 pictures in 1 second indicates a _ playback device
- 60 pictures in 1 second indicates a _ playback device

A
  • frame advance
  • field advance
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11
Q

Spatial analysis:
Locate _ in space

A

points of interest

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12
Q

Spatial analysis:
Locate points of interest in space
- obtain their (x,y) coordinates
- _ are adequate for simple planar movements
- _ coordinate system must be used for more complex movements

A
  • two-dimensions
  • three-dimensional
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13
Q

Spatial analysis:
- x-axis = _
- y-axis = _
- z-axis = _
- some researchers use z for vertical axis and x & y horizontal axes

A
  • horizontal (sagittal plane)
  • vertical
  • medial/lateral
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14
Q

Spatial analysis:
Velocity and acceleration can be analyzed from _

A

digital positional data

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15
Q

Spatial analysis: Tools

A
  • photographs ( may be suitable for static analysis)
  • video pictures
  • infared or light emitting diodes (IRED, LED)
  • magnetic fields
  • accelerometers (measures acceleration directly)
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16
Q

Spatial analysis:
Locating a point in space relative to some reference (0,0)

A

position

17
Q

Spatial analysis:
The change in position

A

motion

18
Q

Spatial analysis:
Motion
- usually specified with the greek letter _
- quantified as the difference between the _ and _

A
  • delta
  • final position & initial position
19
Q

Spatial analysis: Motion
The change in position can be quantified as a _ or a _

A

scalar or vector

20
Q

Spatial analysis: Motion
Scalar ( _ only) = _

A
  • magnitude
  • distance
21
Q

Spatial analysis: Motion
The actual length of the path traveled

A

scalar

22
Q

Spatial analysis: Motion
Vector ( _ and _) = _

A
  • magnitude & direction
  • displacement
23
Q

Spatial analysis: Motion
The difference in position between the final position and the initial position
- a straight line between start and finish

A

vector

24
Q

Spatial analysis: Motion
Normally in biomechanics _ are calculated and not _

A
  • displacements
  • distances
25
Q

DELTA P = Pf - Pi

A

displacement (magnitude, direction)

26
Q

Combined spatial and temporal analysis:
_ (scalar)
- Sav = distance/DELTA t

A

speed

27
Q

Combined spatial and temporal analysis:
_ (vector)
- Vav = displacement/DELTA t
- rate at which the position is changing
- requires specification of _ and _
- displacement = Vav x DELTA t

A
  • velocity
  • magnitude & direction
28
Q

Velocity
Vav = (Pf - Pi)/(Tf - Ti)
OR
Vav = (Pi+1 - Pi)/(Ti+1 - Ti)

A

Traditional “between” method of velocity calculation

29
Q

Velocity is the _

A

slope of the Position-Time Graph

30
Q

Velocity:
Slope = rise/run
- if +, velocity is _
- if -, velocity is _
- if 0, velocity is _

A
  • positive
  • negative
  • 0
31
Q

Velocity:
The greater the slope, the greater the _

A

magnitude

Motion Analysis (14 decks)

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