Transcriptional Factors:GeneRegulation And Role Of Oestrogen Flashcards
What causes transcription of target genes?
Transcription of target genes can be stimulated or inhibited when SPECIFIC Transcriptional factors move from cytoplasm into nucleus
How does transcriptional factors once enters nucleus make cells become specialised?
Once transcriptional factors enter nucleus it can turn on/off genes so only certain PROTEINS are produced in particular cell.
Turning on/off particular genes in cells enables them to become specialised
What are Transcriptional factors?
Give definition.
Transcriptional factors are proteins and each BIND to different base sequences on DNA therefore initiate transcription of genes.
When will transcription of a gene will only occur?
Transcription of a gene will only occur when a molecule from cytoplasm enter nucleus and bind to DNA in nucleus.
Once bound transcription begins creating mRNA form that genes then translated in cytoplasm to create the protein.
Without transcription factor what will occur?
Without transcription factors so without binding of transcription factors the gene is inactive and protein won’t be made.
What is oestrogen and how does it enter the cytoplasm?
Oestrogen is a steroid hormone that’s can initiate transcription.
Can enter cytoplasm through phospholipid bilayer as its lipid soluble.
Give the steps of how oestrogen activates transcription factors
Oestrogen enter cytoplasm through phospholipid bilayer as it lipid soluble.
When it binds to transcriptional factor causes it to change shape and make it complementary and able to bind to DNA initiate transcription.
When can only RNA Polymerase attach?
[Topic8]
RNA polymerase can only attach once transcriptional factors is attached as RNA polymerase is a protein and got a unique 3d shape so active site complementary in shape to DNA and transcriptional factors together.
