Vaccination And Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Dependency factors

A

Positive interactions of viral genes and proteins with host proteins

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2
Q

Restriction factors

A

Negative interactions of viral genes and proteins with host proteins

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3
Q

How do restriction enzymes not cut host cell?

A

Recognition sites are methylated

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4
Q

When is interferon produced?

A

When viral PAMPs are detected

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5
Q

What does interferon do?

A

Induces expression of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs) to create an antiviral state

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6
Q

What do Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs) do?

A

Block viral replication cycle by inhibiting all protein synthesis
Trigger cytokine release

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7
Q

Adaptive immune cells

A

T helper cells
Cytotoxic T cells
B cells

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8
Q

Whole virus vaccines

A

Attenuated
Killed/Inactivated

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9
Q

Attenuated vaccines

A

Whole virus is passed through cell cultures or animal embryos until virus cannot replicate efficiently in the original host

EX: polio vaccine with chicken embryos

Lasts a long time

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10
Q

Killed/inactivated vaccines

A

The whole virus is retreated with heat or chemicals to prevent replication

Generally need boosters

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11
Q

Partial virus vaccines

A

Subunit/recombination vaccine
mRNA vaccine
Viral vector

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12
Q

Subunit/recombination vaccine

A

A specific protein from a virus is used to illicit an immune response

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13
Q

mRNA vaccines

A

An mRNA sequence encoding a target virus protein is enveloped in a lipid particle

Lipid particle is taken up and the mRNA is translated

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14
Q

Viral vector vaccines

A

An mRNA sequence encoding a a target virus protein is packaged into a different delivery virus

Can’t be used as a booster because you’d react more to the vector than the vaccine inside

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