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Oral Hygiene Exam 2023 > Periodontal Disease M3 > Flashcards

Periodontal Disease M3 Flashcards

1
Q

Plaque is composed of bacteria, which is a sticky…

A

Polysaccharide Matrix

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2
Q

What is plaque made up of?

A

70% micro-organisms and 30% inter bacterial substance

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3
Q

How long does it take for new plaque to form?

A

A few hours

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4
Q

How long does it take for for the salivary pellicle to become invaded with gram positive cocci (streptococcus)?

A

3-8 hours

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5
Q

How long does it take for plaque to become visible?

A

24 hours

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6
Q

After 3 days of plaque formation what bacterias can be found?

A

Spirochaete and Fusiform

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7
Q

What is a gram-positive bacteria?

A

Cocci

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8
Q

What is a gram-negative bacteria?

A

Spirochaete and Fusiform

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9
Q

What is one of the most important staining methods?

A

Grams method

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10
Q

What colour is Gram-positive?

A

Blue stain

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11
Q

What colour is Gram-negative?

A

Red stain

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12
Q

When the dental pellicle forms on the tooth and provides bacteria surface to attach, which step of plaque formation is it?

A

Association

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13
Q

Within hours of the first plaque formation, bacteria will loosely bind to the pellicle, what step of plaque formation is this?

A

Adhesion

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14
Q

Bacteria will spread throughout the mouth and begin to multiply. What plaque formation step is this?

A

Proliferation

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15
Q

Microcolonies are formed. Steptococci secrete a protective layer (slime layer). What step in plaque formation is this?

A

Microcolonies

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16
Q

Microcolonies form a complex groups with metabolic advantages. What step in plaque formation is this?

A

Biofilm formation

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17
Q

The biofilm develops a primitive circulatory system. What step in plaque formation is this?

A

Growth or maturation

18
Q

When plaque hardens and calcifies it is called…

A

Calculus (Tartar)

19
Q

What is Extrinsic staining?

A

Staining on the surface of the tooth

20
Q

What is Intrinsic staining?

A

Staining within the structure of the tooth

21
Q

What time of Gram staining is present in periodontal disease?

A

Gram-negative

22
Q

How long does plaque need to be on the teeth before it causes gingivitis?

A

7-14 days

23
Q

A probe with a ball-end (0.5mm) and a colour coded end (3.5mm-5.5mm) is called…

A

CPITN probe

24
Q

Adult Periodontitis, has been replaced with what term?

A

Chronic Periodontitis

25
Q

When does it become periodontitis?

A

When the gingivitis reaches the epithelial attachment

26
Q

Periodontitis is irreversible, true or false?

A

True

27
Q

What are the two forms of periodontitis?

A

Localised and Generalised

28
Q

What is NUG?

A

Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis

29
Q

What is NUG also know as?

A

Vincent’s disease

30
Q

What are symptoms of NUG?

A

painful, bleeding, red, crater like ulcers, halitosis

31
Q

What is the normal occurrence age for NUG?

A

16-30

32
Q

What bacteria is present in Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis?

A

Spirochaete
Fusiform

33
Q

What medication does ulcerative gingivitis respond to?

A

Penicillin combined with Metronidazole

34
Q

What is the only way to prevent periodontal disease?

A

Brush teeth and gums throughly to remove all plaque

35
Q

What toothbrush technique should patients use?

A

Any technique which effectively removes plaque without damaging the teeth and gums

36
Q

What brushing technique does the Scientific Basis of Dental Health Education recommend?

A

The ‘scrub’ technique (hold tooth brush perpendicular to the tooth and gum line and ‘scrub’)

37
Q

What is the most widely used chemical in toothpastes?

A

Triclosan

38
Q

What is added to toothpastes to help them remain on the tooth for longer?

A

Copolymers

39
Q

What is the correct flossing technique?

A

wound around 2nd finger of each hand, leaving 6cm for middle bit.
Pulled tight against teeth
Floss is curved into a C against the teeth.
Scraped up and down

40
Q

What is the best way to clean dentures?

A

with liquid soap or toothpaste, with a soft brush over a sink of water so if it falls it doesn’t cause damage.

41
Q

How should orthodontic appliances be cleaned?

A

Same way as dentures

Oral Hygiene Exam 2023 (17 decks)

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