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SS - Exam 1 > Anatomy - Cranial Nerves 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy - Cranial Nerves 1 Flashcards

1
Q

CN that carry autonomic nerve fibers

A

3, 7, 9, 10

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2
Q

Sensory CN

A

1, 2, 8

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3
Q

CN with Parasympathetic fibers

A

3, 7, 9 - to head
10 to cervical, thoracic & abdominal viscera

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4
Q

CN with sympathetic fibers

A

9, 10, 11, 12

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5
Q

CNS cranial nerves

A

1 and 2

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6
Q

PNS cranial nerves

A

All ganglia
3-12
Spinal nerves & branches

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7
Q

Nerve with no nucleus in brainstem

A

Olfactory nerve
Enters through cerebrum not brainstem
Numerous unmyelinated axons

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8
Q

Frequency of neural replacement in CN 3

A

Bipolar olfactory neurons are replaced monthly

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9
Q

Origin of olfactory CN

A

Cell bodies (receptors) located within olfactory mucosa in ethmoidal conchae & vomeronasal organ

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10
Q

Course of cell bodies in olfactory CN

A

Fibers leave nasal fungus via Cribriform plate of ethmoid then fibers collect together to form the olfactory bulb

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11
Q

Optic nerve

A

Sensory nerve
Originals from ganglion cells in retina
Axons coverage to optic papilla to form optic nerve
Nerve exits retina via optic disc & enter skull at optic canal

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12
Q

Occulomotor nerve travel pathway

A

Motor nucleus and paras nucleus in midbrain leave between cerebral peduncles
Travels in cavernous sinus w throclear, ophthalmic and abducent nerves (4,5,6)

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13
Q

Exiting cranial cavity as the Occulomotor nerve

A

Leaves cranial canal via orbital fissure (obitorotundum in ruminants)
Enters pterygopalantine fossa

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14
Q

Somatic motor for CN 3

A

Carries general somatic efferent fibers (GSE) to several extra ocular muscles

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15
Q

Visceral motor in CN 3

A

Carries general visceral efferent (GVE) (parasympathetic) fibers to pupillary sphincter

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16
Q

Trochlear nerve

A

Smallest cranial nerve
Exits brainstem dorsally
Only cranial nerve to cross the midline entirely (decussates) and innervate the contralateral side

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17
Q

Branches of trigeminal

A

Ophthalmic - sensory (eye)
Maxillary - sensory (v2)
Mandibular - mixed (v3)
Each branch pass through a separate opening or foramen

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18
Q

Origin of trigeminal n

A

Motor nucleus - pons
Sensory larger root - from trigeminal ganglion

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19
Q

cell bodies in trigeminal

A

Sensory ganglia contain gin cell bodied of Pseudounipolar sensory neurons - similar to dorsal root ganglion of spinal cord. Gives v1, v2 and sensory part of v3 (mandibular)

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20
Q

V1 - ophthalmic

A

Pure sensory to eye & adnexa (surrounding structures)
Enters cranial vault via orbital fissure

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21
Q

Branches of ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n

A

Lacrimal nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Infra trochlear nerve

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22
Q

Lacrimal nerve

A

Carries parasympathetic Innervation to lacrimal gland
Skin and conjunctiva of lateral angel of eye

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23
Q

Nasociliary nerve

A

Supplies parts of eye and nasal cavity

24
Q

Infra trochlear nerve

A

Medial sides of both eyelids
Marty of the horn in small ruminants

25
Q

Supraorbital nerve*

A

Branch from frontal, from ophthalmic from trigeminal
Present in all species and provides upper eyelid and skin near lateral angel
Accessible through Supraorbital foramen for nerve block

26
Q

Maxillary branch of trigeminal

A

V2 - sensory
Originates in trigeminal ganglion
Runs on cavernous sinus (w ophthalmic & III)
Passes through round foramen

27
Q

Innervation of maxillary nerve

A

Sensory to nose, rostral face, upper dental arcade, hard & soft palate, lateral orbit, lateral canthus

28
Q

Pathway of maxillary nerve

A

Runs through alar canal (species specific)
Enters maxillary foramen at cranial aspect of Ptyergopalatine fossa via infraorbital canal
Emerges superficially at infraorbital foramen

29
Q

Branches of maxillary nerves

A

Zygomatic nerve - passes through orbit caudal to rostral & exits orbit near orbital ligament = 2 more nerves

30
Q

Branches from zygomatic n

A

Zygomaticotemporal nerve - most dorsal, supplies lower lateral eyelid & skin of forehead
Zygomaticofacial - more ventral, skin over zygomatic arch & lower eyelid

31
Q

Ventral branches of maxillary nerve

A

Pterygopalantine nerves
Becomes the Infraorbital nerve as in enters the infraorbital canal

32
Q

mandibular nerve from trigeminal nerve

A

Mixed nerve
Passes through oval foramen (foramen lacerum in horse)

33
Q

Supply of mandibular nerve

A

Muscles of mastication

34
Q

Sensory branches of mandibular nerve

A

Auriculotemporal -
Buccal -
Lingual -
Inferior alveolar -
Mental -

35
Q

Auriculotemporal supply

A
36
Q

Buccal supply

A

Inside of cheek

37
Q

Lingual supply

A

General and special sense to tongue
Rostral 2/3 of tongue

38
Q

Inferior alveolar supply

A

All lower teeth

39
Q

Mental supply

A

Supply skin of chin - won’t effect teeth

40
Q

Branches of Auriculotemporal nerve

A

Transverse facial nerve
Communicating branch with dorsal Buccal of VII
Gives sensation of same field as dorsal Buccal VII provides motor innervation

41
Q

Abducent cranial nerve

A

Exits orbital fissure WITH CN III, IV and ophthalmic (orbitorotubdum in rum)

42
Q

Abducent supply

A

Supplies a small number of extra ocular muscles
(One in humans) two in animals - retractor palpi

43
Q

Facial nerve

A

Passes through stylomastoid foramen

44
Q

Supply of facial nerve **

A

Mixed nerve
VII & VIII both cross the external acoustic meatus
Passes through middle ear - ear infections can impact facial nerve

45
Q

Function of facial nerve

A

Muscles of facial expressions
Taste, rostral 2/3 of tongue
Secretions (salvia, lacrimal, nasal) +lingual nerve

46
Q

Origin of facial nerve

A

Medullar oblongata
Very shallow nerves that cover the lateral side of face

47
Q

Vestibularcochlear nerve

A

More important for balance than hearing
Origin
- lateral aspect of medulla oblongata
- vestibular nuclei in medulla
- cochlear nuclei in medulla

48
Q

Important factor of vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Never leaves the skull

49
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Origin - lateral aspect of medulla oblongata
Passes through jugular foramen
Mixed, parasympathetic motor to pharynx
Sensory to pharynx & carotid sinus (baro/chemoreceptors)

50
Q

Special sensory of glossopharyngeal

A

Special sensory for taste (caudal 1/3 of tongue)
Parasympathetic to zygomatic & parotid salivary glands

51
Q

Vagus nerve

A

Longest CN
Origin - lateral aspect of medulla oblongata
Passes through jugular foramen

52
Q

Supply for vagus nerve

A

Parasympathetic innervation to viscera of pharynx, neck, thorax, abdomen
Motor & general sensory to soft palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, thoracic viscera, abdominal viscera

53
Q

Branches of vagus nerve

A

Cranial laryngeal n -
Caudal laryngeal n -

54
Q

Accessory nerve

A

Only cranial nerve that doesn’t innervate head structures
Spinal root passes through foramen magnum

55
Q

Hypoglossal nerve

A

Exits hypoglossal canal
Motor to ALL tongue muscles
Runs lateral to external carotid w lingofacial trunk (horses & rum) or lingual a. In dogs

SS - Exam 1 (33 decks)

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