13. Bacteria overview

Question 1

G+ bacteria are also known as ______

G- are also known as _____

Answer 1

G+ = monoderm
G- = diderm

Question 2

Difference between G+/- cell wall structure?

Answer 2

G+ = thick peptidoglycan, no outer membrane

G- = thin peptidoglycan, larger periplasmic space, outer membrane

Question 3

Surface molecules found on G+?

Answer 3

Teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acid

Question 4

Surface molecule found on G-?

Answer 4

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Question 5

Difference between TA and LTA linkage?

Answer 5

TA - linked to peptidoglycan

LTA - linked to PM via lipids

Question 6

Difference between inner and outer leaflet of G- outer membrane?

Answer 6

Inner leaflet (periplasmic side) = phospholipids

Outer leaflet = Lipid A component of LPS

Question 7

LPS is an _______

Answer 7

endotoxin

Question 8

What is peptidoglycan composed of?

Answer 8

Repeating NAM and NAG cross-linked by a pentaglycine bridge

Question 9

3 types of bacterial motility structures?

Answer 9

1. Polar flagella
2. Type IV pilus retraction-mediated motility
3. Contractile cytoskeleton

Question 10

Form of asexual reproduction in bacteria?

Answer 10

Binary fission

Question 11

3 mechanisms by which non-reciprocal recombination can occur in bacteria?

Answer 11

1. Transformation
2. Transduction
3. Conjugation

Question 12

Nutritionally, most bacteria are _____________

Answer 12

chemoorganoheterotrophs

Question 13

3 major energy-generating pathways employed by bacteria?

Answer 13

• Aerobic respiration
• Anaerobic respiration
• Fermentation

Question 14

In bacteria, iron is sequestered within host cells by _____ and free iron is usually complexed by ______

Answer 14

Sequestered by ferritin

Complexed by transferrin

Question 15

Bacterial toxin secretion - translocation is powered by the ___________

Answer 15

SecA ATPase