13. Bacteria overview Flashcards
G+ bacteria are also known as ______
G- are also known as _____
G+ = monoderm G- = diderm
Difference between G+/- cell wall structure?
G+ = thick peptidoglycan, no outer membrane
G- = thin peptidoglycan, larger periplasmic space, outer membrane
Surface molecules found on G+?
Teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acid
Surface molecule found on G-?
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Difference between TA and LTA linkage?
TA - linked to peptidoglycan
LTA - linked to PM via lipids
Difference between inner and outer leaflet of G- outer membrane?
Inner leaflet (periplasmic side) = phospholipids
Outer leaflet = Lipid A component of LPS
LPS is an _______
endotoxin
What is peptidoglycan composed of?
Repeating NAM and NAG cross-linked by a pentaglycine bridge
3 types of bacterial motility structures?
- Polar flagella
- Type IV pilus retraction-mediated motility
- Contractile cytoskeleton
Form of asexual reproduction in bacteria?
Binary fission
3 mechanisms by which non-reciprocal recombination can occur in bacteria?
- Transformation
- Transduction
- Conjugation
Nutritionally, most bacteria are _____________
chemoorganoheterotrophs
3 major energy-generating pathways employed by bacteria?
- Aerobic respiration
- Anaerobic respiration
- Fermentation
In bacteria, iron is sequestered within host cells by _____ and free iron is usually complexed by ______
Sequestered by ferritin
Complexed by transferrin
Bacterial toxin secretion - translocation is powered by the ___________
SecA ATPase