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A215 - block three > heart > Flashcards

heart Flashcards

1
Q

takes blood all over the body

A

aorta

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2
Q

right coronary artery and left coronary artery

A

arterial circulation

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3
Q

lies in the floor of the right atrium
- slows down signal and helps regulate it

A

atrioventricular (AV) node

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4
Q

a bundle of conducting muscle fibers that runs through the interventricular septum and splits into left and right bundle branches

A

atrioventricular bundle

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5
Q

heart itself is responsible for initiating the heartbeat

A

autorhythmicity

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6
Q
  • from the papillary muscles to the 3 flaps of the right atrioventricular valve
  • function: prevent the flaps from being pushed back up into the atrium
A

chordae tendinae

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7
Q

A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden, direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of a person’s heartbeat.
- disturbed heart

A

commotio cordis

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8
Q

separates the atria from the ventricles

A

coronary sulcus

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9
Q

endothelium covering a connective tissue layer (innermost layer)
- lines the inside of the heart and covers its valves

A

endocardium

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10
Q

visceral layer of the serous pericardium (layer adherent to surface of heart)
- thin serous membrane and fat

A

epicardium

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11
Q
  • outermost layer
  • dense connective tissue
  • functions: prevents heart from overfilling, restricts heart movements inside thoracic cavity
  • helps keep heart in line
A

fibrous pericardium

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12
Q
  1. blood low in oxygen enters right atrium
  2. blood from the right atrium goes to the right ventricle
  3. blood from the right ventricle goes through the pulmonary trunk
  4. the pulmonary trunk branches into pulmonary arteries which carry blood to the lungs
  5. exchange of gasses occurs in the lungs
  6. oxygenated blood travels through pulmonary veins to the left atrium
  7. blood from left atrium goes to left ventricle
  8. blood from left ventricle is pumped through the aorta
  9. blood travels through the blood vessels throughout the body, will return to the right atrium of the heart, and the cycle repeats
A

heart blood flow

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13
Q

apex (point)
base (back, posterior, left atrium)

A

heart orientation

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14
Q

left side of the body in thoracic cavity
- located behind sternum and left ribs

A

heart placement

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15
Q

separates the left and right ventricles

A

interventricular sulcus (anterior and posterior)

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16
Q

each bundle goes to its respective ventricle

A

left and right bundle branches

17
Q
  • receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via 3/4 pulmonary veins
  • blood will flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle via the left atrioventricular (mitral/bicuspid) valve - 2 triangular cusps
A

left atrium

18
Q
  • pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta
  • papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
  • blood is pumped from the left ventricle through the aortic semilunar valve
  • a lot more cardiac muscle is present here
A

left ventricle

19
Q

heart attack
- death of part of heart wall due to prolonged loss of blood supply

A

myocardial infarction (MI)

20
Q

cardiac muscle
- thickest layer

A

myocardium

21
Q

adheres to fibrous pericardium

A

parietal layer

22
Q

space between two layers that contains fluid to help heart move

A

pericardial cavity

23
Q
  • too much fluid within pericardial cavity
  • can be caused by inflammation of the pericardium (pericaditis) or trauma
  • patients often have chest pain, difficulty breathing and feel faint why? - too much fluid would cause the heart to be compressed and unable to pump effectively
  • is a medical emergency, what can be done? - drain the fluid (then find out what’s wrong)
A

pericardial effusion

24
Q

sac that encloses the heart

A

pericardium

25
Q

carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs

A

pulmonary arteries

26
Q

specialized conduction muscle cells; larger than other cardiac muscle fibers, extend through the walls of ventricles
- coordinate contraction of ventricles

A

purkinje fibers

27
Q
  • receives venous blood from superior and inferior venae cavae
  • blood will flow from this to right ventricle through the right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve
A

right atrium

28
Q
  • three papillary muscles
  • chordae tendinea
  • blood runs from the right ventricle through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary trunk
  • 3 semilunar cusps
  • blood will now travel in the pulmonary arteries to the lungs
A

right ventricle

29
Q

folds back on itself to create specific layers (parietal and visceral layer)

A

serous pericardium

30
Q

anatomical pacemaker
- located in the upper right atrium; it is responsible for initiating the heartbeat

A

sinoatrial (SA) node

31
Q

most veins unite/drain into the coronary sinus

A

venous circulation

32
Q

adheres to heart wall (layer next to heart)

A

visceral layer

A215 - block three (11 decks)

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