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histology let > Tissue Prep > Flashcards

Tissue Prep Flashcards

1
Q

study of normal tissues and its arrangement inside the body; does not have any history or current disease

A

Histology

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2
Q

study and diagnosis of disease through surgically removed tissues

A

pathology

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3
Q

preparation of tissue samples; analyzing if benign or malignant

A

histopathology

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4
Q

most crucial part in preparing tissues

A

labeling

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5
Q

prevent tissue from degradation

A

fixation

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6
Q

most common fixative used in the laboratory (buffered isotonic solution of 37% formaldehyde)

A

formalin

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7
Q

submerging of samples into different containers containing increasing concentration of ethylene alcohol; prevent shrinkage of the sample

A

dehydration

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8
Q

removal of excess alcohol from dehydration using a normal saline solution

A

clearing

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9
Q

putting of melted paraffin or candle wax into the sample through setting the oven into 52-60 degrees celsius

A

infiltration

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10
Q

hardening the paraffin wax at room temperature

A

embedding

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11
Q

involves the use of microtome

A

trimming

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12
Q

used to cut tissues into slices until we reach the specific thickness

A

microtome

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13
Q

1 micrometer in diameter of tissue

A

electron microscope

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14
Q

3-10 micrometer in diameter of tissue

A

light microscope

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15
Q

allows clearer visibility of the shape, presence of keratin/microvilli/cilia

A

staining

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16
Q

most commonly used stain for tissue preparation

A

hematoxylin and eosin

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17
Q

initial reaction of cell when exposed to stress from its environment

A

adapt

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18
Q

if the cell was not able to tolerate the stress the result would be?

A

cell injury

19
Q

if the cell overcomes the cell injury there will be?

A

reversible changes

20
Q

in case the cell was not able to overcome the cell injury the result would be?

A

cell death/apoptosis

21
Q

give 5 causes of cell injury

A

oxygen deprivation, physical agents, chemical agents and drugs, infectious agents, immunologic reactions

22
Q

allows the cell to revert to its normal functional and morphologic features after removal of damaging stimula

A

patterns of reversible cell injury

23
Q

influx of ions due to failure of energy-dependent ion pumps; first manifestation of cellular injury

A

cellular swelling

24
Q

seen in cells dependent on fat metabolism

A

fatty change

25
Q

unprogrammed cell death

A

necrosis

26
Q

programmed cell death

A

apoptosis

27
Q

enlarged cell size, disrupted plasma membrane, enzymatic digestion, cellular contents may leak out of cell; pathologic

A

necrosis

28
Q

reduced cell size, intact plasma membrane, intact cellular contents, often physiologic and may be pathologic

A

apoptosis

29
Q

causes include hypoxia/ischema, radiation, and other injurious agents; decrease atp and increase reactive oxygen species

A

mitochondria (necrosis)

30
Q

causes include ros and other injurious agents; cellular membrane will have damage to lysosomal membranes and plasma membrane

A

cellular membrane (necrosis)

31
Q

causes include radiation and mutations; cell cycle arrest

A

nucleus (apoptosis)

32
Q

increase in cell size

A

hypertrophy

33
Q

increase number of cells

A

hyperplasia

34
Q

decrease in cell size

A

atrophy

35
Q

myometrial hypertrophy in gravid uterus

A

physiologic hypertrophy

36
Q

muscle of bodybuilders

A

physiologic hypertrophy

37
Q

left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive heart disease

A

pathologic hypertrophy

38
Q

pubertal breast changes (hormonal)

A

physiologic hyperplasia

39
Q

liver regeneration

A

physiologic hyperplasia

40
Q

endometrial hyperplasia

A

pathologic hyperplasia

41
Q

embryonic atrophy

A

physiologic atrophy

42
Q

senile atrophy of brain

A

pathologic atrophy

43
Q

cancer cachexia

A

pathologic atrophy

44
Q

in chronic smokers the epithelium of their lung changes; can cause cancer

A

metaplasia

histology let (9 decks)

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