122b histo of gastric disorders

Question 1

Gastric mucosa compartments and contents

Answer 1

foveolar compartment - surface epithelial cells

glandular compartment - varies by region
includes: mucous, parietal, chief, enteroendocrine

Question 2

what limits injury to gastric mucus layer and determines how quickly repair occurs (excluding bicarb, tight jxn, mucus, blood supply)?

Answer 2

muscularis mucosa - hours/days vs weeks if not intact

Question 3

Acute gastritis causes

Answer 3

stress (trauma, virus, surgery)
NSAIDS (lower PGE)
alcohol
uremia
burns (Curling’s due to low plasma volume)
brain injury (Cushing increase vagal stimulation)

Question 4

acute gastritis pathogensis

Answer 4

mucosal damage –> inflammation and back flow of H+ into mucus layer

Question 5

acute gastritis endoscopic findings

Answer 5

red, swollen mucosa with erosions/hemorrhages

Question 6

Chronic Gastritis - general pathogenesis

Answer 6

chronic inflammation in lamina propria –> mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia

various causes

Question 7

autoimmune gastritis - pathogenesis and what this causes

Answer 7

autoantibodies against parietal cells (–> hypochlorhydria) and IF (–>pernicious anemia)

Question 8

what part of the stomach is affected in autoimmune gastritis?

Answer 8

body and fundus

Question 9

diffuse antral chronic gastritis - cause?

Answer 9

H pylori

Question 10

what is seen with diffuse antral chronic gastritis?

Answer 10

lymphoid follicles - not normally present in stomach

Question 11

zollinger-ellison syndrome

Answer 11

islet cell tumor of pancreas –> increase gastrin levels leads to parietal cell hyperplasia and high acid secretion –> ulcers

gastrin levels increase with secretin test