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Spring 2022 classes > applied anatomy exam 1-hip > Flashcards

applied anatomy exam 1-hip Flashcards

1
Q

def osteokinematics

A

motions distal to the aspect that moves

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2
Q

3 types of arthrokinematics

A

roll: will continue unless stopped
glide: usually with a role
spin: rotates w/o the object moving across a distance

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3
Q

concave & convex rule with roll/glide

A

concave: same direction
convex: opposite direction

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4
Q

what are the 3 parts of contractile tissue in the body

A

muscle belly, tendon, tendoperiosteal junction

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5
Q

7 steps of orthopedic exam

A

observe, AROM, PROM, RROM, mobility test, palpation, special tests

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6
Q

P/R1

A

when patient feels resistance or pain

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7
Q

P/R2

A

when movement is stopped due to pain or resistance

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8
Q

examples of abnormal end feels

A

springy, empty, spongy

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9
Q

4 types of resisted testing that can be done

A

gross muscle testing, MMT, contractile unit testing, myotomal (nerve testing for 6 seconds and repeat)

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10
Q

what are the 4 options for CUT that a patient should be asked

A

strong/weak/painful/painless

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11
Q

if a patient has pain w/ CUT should the next step be to perform MMT

A

no b/c pain causes MMT to not be valid so don’t do them

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12
Q

what are the 4 parts of palpation

A

TART
texture, asymmetry, restriction, tender

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13
Q

def hyperalgesia

A

putting pressure on the patient creates a larger than expected amount of pain

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14
Q

if active movement is limited in the same direction or painful what could the cause of the problem be

A

inert, agonist contractile or antagonist contractile issue

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15
Q

if passive movement is limited in the same direction or painful what could the cause of the problem be

A

could be inert or antagonist contractile

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16
Q

what’s an example of gross muscle testing

A

see if patient can get out of a chair on their own- very generalized test with no real way to measure

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17
Q

what kind of testing should be done first in an exam

A

CUT b/c see if pain exists with movement before continuning

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18
Q

what finding of the CUT would indicate wanting to do MMT and/or myotomal nerve testing

A

weak and painless

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19
Q

how long should a CUT movement be held for

A

5-6 seconds at submax force

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20
Q

what is the main physiological purpose of CUT

A

isolate muscles and help indicate what part of the contractile tissue may be the problem

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21
Q

what is a break test

A

MMT w/ maximal force applied to see how strong the patient is

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22
Q

if the patient can’t do AROM against gravity, what do you do

A

place them in a gravity lessoned position and see if the score is a 2- or 2+

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23
Q

what may a 0/5 MMT indicate

A

complete tear or neurological problem since there is 0 movement happening

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24
Q

what 4 MMT should be done in seated position for gravity position

A

hip flexion, ER, IR, sartorius

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25
Q

what is the axis called for the transverse plane

A

longitudinal axis

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26
Q

what is the axis called around the frontal plane

A

anterior posterior axis

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27
Q

what axis does the sagittal plane move

A

medial lateral axis

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28
Q

open chain osteokinematics means

A

femur moves on the pelvis

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29
Q

closed chain osteokinematics means

A

pelvis moves on the femur

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30
Q

does open or closed packed allow for more movement

A

open packed

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31
Q

what hip positions are open packed

A

flexion, abduction, ER

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32
Q

what hip positions are closed packed

A

extension, aBduction, IR

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33
Q

open chain means what about concave and convex

A

convex ON concave & roll and glide in opposite directions

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34
Q

closed chain means what about concave and convex

A

concave ON convex & roll and glide in the same direction

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35
Q

sagittal plane flexion & extension

A

F: anterior roll, posterior glide
E: posterior roll, anterior glide

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36
Q

frontal plane abduction & adduction

A

AB: superior roll, inferior glide
AD: medial roll and lateral glide

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37
Q

transverse plane IR & ER

A

IR: anterior roll, posterior glide
ER: posterior roll, anterior glide

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38
Q

sensitivity vs specificity

A

rule OUT, rule IN

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39
Q

high sensitivity means

A

a positive test is likely a positive test, so it would have a score of like 0.8/1

40
Q

high specificity means

A
41
Q

3 intra-articular pathology special tests

A

scour, FADIR, FABER

42
Q

2 other names for FABER test

A

patrick’s and figure 4

43
Q

tests for muscle tightness

A

ely’s, thomas, modified thomas, ober, modified ober, piriformis, 90/90, SLR

44
Q

femoral torsion test

A

craig’s

45
Q

muscle function special tests

A

trendelenburg, step down

46
Q

scour test position

A

supine, PT standing next to

47
Q

scour test procedure

A

PT moves hip into end range of hip flexion, adds COMPRESSION and moves AD w/ IR, AB w/ ER to see if symptoms arise

48
Q

if scour test the first time feels fine for the patient what can you do

A

do it again and add more pressure

49
Q

+ scour test if

A

pain, popping, clicking, catching

50
Q

FADIR test means

A

flexion, aD, IR

51
Q

FADIR test set up

A

supine w/ PT behind

52
Q

FADIR test procedure

A

PT brings leg to 90 deg hip/knee flexion, AD w/ IR, if no s/s then repeat and increase hip flexion degrees

53
Q

+ FADIR test

A

stiff, increase symptoms, apprehension

54
Q

FABER test means

A

flexion, AB, ER

55
Q

FABER test set up

A

supine w/ PT standing over

56
Q

FABER test procedure

A

position in figure 4, apply pressure at contralateral ASIS while pushing against figure 4 to see if s/s increase

57
Q

+ FABER test symptoms in groin

A

iliopsoas or intraarticular pathology

58
Q

+ FABER test symptoms in posterior hip

A

SIJ, ligamentum teres, posterior hip impingement

59
Q

ely’s test set up

A

prone, PT standing beside

60
Q

ely’s test perform

A

PT bring leg into flexion and see if ASIS rises, lumbar rotation, lumbar extension to compensate; if this happens before 90 deg flexion then it’s positive

61
Q

+ ely’s test

A

rectus femoris tightness

62
Q

modified thomas test set up

A

supine at end of table, PT beside

63
Q

modified thomas test procedure

A

PT bring hips and knees into flexion while feeling spine flatten, patient hold extremities w/ hands, PT lowers limb slowly to see if thigh can rest flat on table

64
Q

+ modified thomas test

A

TFL tight: leg moves aB
iliopsoas tight: can’t get hip extension neutral
rectus femoris tight: can’t flex 90 deg knee at rest

65
Q

ober test set up

A

sidelying, PT behind

66
Q

ober test procedure

A

flex knee to 90 deg, bring hip aB then slight EXTENSION to test TFL, lower leg down to table in horizontal plane

67
Q

+ ober test

A

IT band or TFL tightness

68
Q

fair test set up

A

sidelying, PT behind or in front

69
Q

fair test procedure

A

PT flex hip to 60 deg and AD +IR

70
Q

fair test +

A

increase sciatic or piriformis symptoms

71
Q

90/90 test +

A

> 20 deg knee flexion at end range

72
Q

SLR test +

A

patient unable to reach 70 deg hip flexion

73
Q

craig’s test set up

A

prone, PT beside

74
Q

craig’s test procedure

A

passively flex knee 90, ER/IR until greater trochanter is in lateral position, measure angle of tibial crest

75
Q

eccentric step down test set up

A

stand on 8 inch step w/ hands on hips with stance leg, slowly lower non-weight-bearing leg to the floor and perform 3-5 reps while PT looks for compensation

76
Q

eccentric step down test results

A

weak ER or unstable joint if arm aB, trunk flexes, hip aB, hip IR

77
Q

2 MMT

A

100% of motion in gravity lessened

78
Q

2+ MMT

A

partial ROM against gravity

79
Q

2- MMT

A

partial motion in gravity lessened position

80
Q

what is PROM looking for

A

relationship b/w pain and motion and end-feel and motion limited

81
Q

what is AROM looking for

A

quality and quantity of movement

82
Q

normal value for hip flexion

A

110-120 deg

83
Q

what is the axis of the goniometer for hip flexion

A

greater trochanter of femur

84
Q

normal value of hip extension

A

10-15 deg

85
Q

hip abduction normal value

A

40 deg

86
Q

what is the axis of the goniometer for abduction and adduction

A

ipsilateral ASIS

87
Q

hip adduction normal value

A

20 deg from neutral

88
Q

IR normal values

A

30-40 deg

89
Q

normal end feel for IR/ER, AB/AD

A

firm

90
Q

ER normal values

A

40-60 deg

91
Q

uncompensated trendenelburg

A

contralteral hip drops during the motion

92
Q

compensated trendenelburg test

A

contralateral hip moves upwards due to compensation of the QL

93
Q

what does eccentric step down test primarily test for

A

ER

94
Q

what does trendenlburg test primarily test for

A

AB

95
Q

how to decide if a joint will likely roll or glide

A

can only roll when there is room for it to move across the joint, otherwise it will glide

96
Q

congruency for open-packed position

A

the least stable position b/c ligaments are laxed

Spring 2022 classes (21 decks)

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