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Histo LEC > EPITHELIUM > Flashcards

EPITHELIUM Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue: Epithelial
Cells:

A

Aggregated polyhedral cells

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2
Q

Tissue: Epithelial
ECM amount:

A

Small amount

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3
Q

Tissue: Epithelial
Main functions:

A

Lining of surface or body cavities

Glandular secretion

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4
Q

Epithelial Tissue also known as

A

Epithelium

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5
Q

consists of sheets of cells that:
- cover the external surfaces of the body
- line the internal cavities and the organs
- form various organs and glands and
- line their ducts

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE, OR EPITHELIUM

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6
Q

Epithelium = is not supplied by the blood vessels and is therefore _____

A

nonvascular

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7
Q

separates epithelium from connective tissue

A

BASEMENT MEMBRANE

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8
Q

TWO FUNCTIONAL TYPES OF EPITHELIUM:

A

lining epithelium
glandular epithelium

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9
Q

Epithelium: Location

A
  • Esophagus
  • Trachea
  • Stomach
  • Small intestine
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10
Q

Functions of Epithelium (TASP)

A

Transcellular transport

Absorption (endocytosis or pinocytosis)

Secretion (exocytosis)

Protection from abrasion and injury

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11
Q

Cell polarity (LAB)

A

Apical domain
Lateral domain
Basal domain

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12
Q

All epithelial cells in contact with subjacent connective tissue have at their basal surfaces a specialized, feltlike sheet of extracellular material referred to as the __________

A

basement membrane

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13
Q

What can be found in the BASAL DOMAIN

A

BASEMENT MEMBRANE

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14
Q

What can be found in the LATERAL DOMAIN

A

INTERCELLULAR ADHESION & JUNCTIONS

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15
Q

5 Junctions

A

Tight Junction (Zonula Occludens)
Adherens Junction (Zonula Adherens)
Desmosome (Macula Adherens)
Gap Junction (Nexus)
Hemidesmosome

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16
Q

Occludins, claudins, ZO proteins

Actin filaments

Seals adjacent cells to one another, controlling passage of molecules between them; separates apical and basolateral membrane domains

Defects in occludins may compromise the fetal blood-brain barrier, leading to severe neurologic disorders

A

Tight Junction (Zonula Occludens)

17
Q

E-cadherin, catenin complexes

Actin filaments

Provides points linking the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells; strengthens and stabilizes nearby tight junctions

Loss of E-cadherin in epithelial cell tumors (carcinomas) promotes tumor invasion and the shift to malignancy

A

Adherens Junction (Zonula Adherens)

18
Q

Cadherin family proteins (desmogleins, desmocollin)

Intermediate filaments (keratins)

Provides points of strong intermediate filament coupling between adjacent cells, strengthening the tissue

Autoimmunity against desmoglein I leads to dyshesive skin disorders characterized by reduced cohesion of epidermal cells

A

Desmosome
(Macula Adherens)

19
Q

Integrins

Intermediate filaments

Anchors cytoskeleton to the basal lamina

Mutations in the integrin-B4 gene are linked to some types of epidermolysis bullosa, a skin blistering disorder

A

Hemidesmosome

20
Q

Connexin

None

Allows direct transfer of small molecules and ions from one cell to another

Mutations in various connexin genes have been linked to certain types of deafness and peripheral neuropathy

A

Gap Junction (Nexus)

21
Q

What can be found in the APICAL DOMAIN?

A

CILIA
MICROVILLA
STEREOCILIA

22
Q

are motile structures found on certain cells in the uterine tubes, uterus, efferent ducts in the testes, and conducting tubes of the respiratory system.

A

CILIA

23
Q

CILIA can be found in

A

uterine tubes
uterus
efferent ducts in the testes
and conducting tubes of the respiratory system

24
Q

are small, nonmotile projections that cover the surfaces of all absorptive cells in the small intestine and the proximal convoluted tubules in the kidney

A

MICROVILLI

25
Q

MICROVILLI can be found in

A

small intestine

proximal convoluted tubules in the kidney

26
Q

are long, nonmotile, branched microvilli that line the cell surfaces in the epididymis and vas deferens.

A

STEREOCILIA

27
Q

STEREOCILIA can be found in

A

epididymis
vas deferens

28
Q

CELL LAYERS:

A

simple
stratified
pseudostratified

29
Q

MORPHOLOGY:

A

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

30
Q

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
LOCATION:

A

Endothelium (lining of blood vessels)
Mesothelium (lining of peritoneum and pleura)

31
Q

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
LOCATION:

A

Lining of distal tubule in kidney
ducts in some glands, surface of ovary

32
Q

SIMPLE COLUMNAR
LOCATION:

A

Lining of intestine
stomach
excretory ducts in some glands

33
Q

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
LOCATION:

A

Lining of esophagus
vagina
mouth
true vocal cords (nonkeratinized) Epidermis of skin (keratinized)

34
Q

STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL

LOCATION:

A

Lining of ducts in sweat glands (Stratified Cuboidal)

Lining of large excretory ducts in some glands and cavernous urethra (Stratified Columnar)

35
Q

TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
LOCATION:

A

Lining of minor and major calyces,m
pelvis
ureters
bladder of the urinary system

Histo LEC (26 decks)

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