Esophagus - Stomach

Question 1

Muscular tube, about 25 cm long in adults, transports swallowed material from the pharynx to the stomach

Answer 1

Esophagus

Question 2

Epithelium of esophagus

Answer 2

Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium

Question 3

At the gastroesophageal junction, the epithelium is _____

Answer 3

Simple columnar

Question 4

At the gastroesophgeal junctions, these cells ate present

Answer 4

Langerhans - antigen presenting cells

Question 5

Mass of lymphoid tissue

Answer 5

GALT

Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Question 6

Mucous glands located near the cardiac orifice

Answer 6

Esophageal cardiac glands

Question 7

Esophageal cardiac glands secretes what?

Answer 7

Neutral MUCIN to protect the esophagus from the gastric acid juices

Question 8

ESOPHAGUS: MUSCULARIS EXTERNA

● Upper 1/3 -

● Middle 1/3 -

● Lower third 1/3 -

Answer 8

skeletal muscles

mixture of skeletal and smooth muscle fibers

exclusively smooth muscle fibers

Question 9

ESOPHAGUS: ADVENTITIA OR SEROSA

●_______ except for portion inside abdomen which is of_______

Answer 9

Adventitia

serosa

Question 10

Initial digestion pf food through AMYLASE

Answer 10

Oral cavity

Question 11

After chewing food

Answer 11

Bolus

Question 12

Food digested inside the stomach

Answer 12

Chyme

Question 13

Digests carbohydrates

Answer 13

Amylase

Question 14

Digests triglycerides

Answer 14

Lipase

Question 15

Digests protein

Answer 15

Pepsin

Pepsinogen - inactivated

Question 16

Muscular layers of the stomach

Answer 16

Inner oblique
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal

Question 17

Right most portion of the stomach

Answer 17

Greater curvature

Question 18

Left most portion of the stomach

Answer 18

Lesser curvature

Question 19

Gastric pits are also called

Answer 19

Gastric foveolae

Question 20

● Invaginations of epithelium

● 2-4mm apart and anastomose with each other extensively

● Gastric glands open at bottom of ____

Answer 20

Gastric foveolae or pits

Question 21

What cells are on top of the gastric pits

Answer 21

Surface mucous cells - secretes acid

Question 22

STOMACH: SEROSA

● Stomach is enveloped by peritoneum

● Lined externally by______

Answer 22

mesothelium

Question 23

STOMACH GLANDS types according to location

Answer 23

1) Fundic

2) Cardiac

3) Pyloric

Question 24

3 layers of fundic/ gastric glands

Answer 24

Gastric pit
Neck/ Isthmus
Gastric gland

Question 25

Cells of fundic glands ( in order)

Answer 25

Surface mucous cell
Mucous neck cell
Parietal cell
Chief cell
G cell

Question 26

Surface mucous cell secretes

Answer 26

alkaline fluid (containing mucin)

Question 27

Mucous neck cell secretes

Answer 27

acidic fluid containing mucin

Question 28

Parietal cell secretes

Answer 28

intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid

Question 29

Chief cell secretes

Answer 29

pepsinogen and gastric lipase

Question 30

G cell/ enteroendocrine cells that secrete

Answer 30

gastrin into the blood

Question 31

In fundic/ gastric glands, Mucosa occupied mostly by____

Answer 31

glands

Question 32

● Most numerous type of gland

● Simple or simple branched tubular glands

Answer 32

Fundic gland

Question 33

STOMACH GLANDS: CARDIAC GLAND

●________ occupy same amount of space

Answer 33

Pits & glands

Question 34

● Least numerous type of gland

● Similar to esophageal cardiac glands

● Mucus-secreting, simple tubular or simple branched tubular glands

Answer 34

CARDIAC GLAND

Question 35

Cardiac Cells same as in fundic glands, but:

○________ cells are the most numerous
○________ cells - secrete mainly gastrin
○ Few _______ and ______

Answer 35

Mucus-secreting

Enteroendocrine

zymogenic and parietal cells

Question 36

● Gastric pits very deep

● Simple tubular but more coiled than other glands of stomach

Answer 36

PYLORIC GLAND

Question 37

Pyloric glands Cells same as in fundic glands, but:

○__________ cells are the most numerous
○ Few______ cells
○ Usually no________ cells

Answer 37

Mucus-secreting cells

parietal

zymogenic