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Histo LEC > Digestive Part 3 > Flashcards

Digestive Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Liver

Exocrine gland: produces____ that emulsifies fat

A

bile

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2
Q

Liver

Endocrine gland: secretes hormones including ____ and ____

A

erythropoietin and thrombopoietin

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3
Q

Processes dietary amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids and vitamins

A

Liver

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4
Q

Synthesizes plasma proteins

A

Liver

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5
Q

Liver

Stores carbohydrates in form of_____
and releases same in form of_____

A

glycogen

glucose

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6
Q

Detoxifies and excretes through bile endogenous and exogenous toxic substances

A

Liver

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7
Q

Eliminates particulate materials from blood by phagocytosis

A

Liver

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8
Q

Liver:

Capsule
More commonly known as_____
Thin, fibroelastic capsule
Covered with mesothelium, except for part that is reflected on inferior surface of diaphragm

A

Glisson capsule

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9
Q

Connective tissue from capsule penetrate organ at porta hepatis
Arborize extensively and divide liver into lobules

A

Septa

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10
Q

Branches of hepatic artery and portal vein and tributaries of bile duct accompany each other at connective tissue septae

A

Septa

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11
Q

Portal triad – branches or tributaries in interlobular connective tissue of:

A

Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile duct

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12
Q

Interlobular connective tissue
Portal triad

A

Portal area

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13
Q

Liver cells or

A

hepatocytes

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14
Q

Comprise about 80% of cell population of liver

Perform all metabolic and secretory (exocrine and endocrine) functions of liver

A

Liver cells or hepatocytes

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15
Q

Liver cells or hepatocytes

Lateral surfaces of adjoining hepatocytes form______

A

bile canaliculus

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16
Q

Capillaries travelling between hepatocytes

A

Sinusoids

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17
Q

Two other functionally important cells are found with the sinusoids of hepatic lobules:

A

Kupffer cells
Ito cells

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18
Q

Stellate macrophages
APCs
Remove any bacteria or any debris present in the portal blood

A

Kupffer cells

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19
Q

with small lipid droplets that store vitamin A and other fat -soluble vitamins

A

Hepatic stellate cells (or Ito cells)

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20
Q

produce extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cytokines that help regulate Kupffer cell activity

A

Hepatic stellate cells (or Ito cells)

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21
Q

are located between the hepatocytes and the sinusoids

A

SPACE OF DISSE or Perisinusoidal space

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22
Q

Separates sinusoids from hepatic plates

A

SPACE OF DISSE

23
Q

Contains collagenous and reticular fibers, and microvilli of hepatocytes

A

SPACE OF DISSE

24
Q

contains perisinusoidal cells of Ito

A

Space of disse

25
Q

Lymph drained from Disse drains into the

A

Space of Mall

26
Q

Space of mall or

A

Periportal soace

27
Q

CONCEPTS ON ARCHITECTURE OF LIVER

A

Classical hepatic lobule
Portal lobule
Hepatic acinus

28
Q

Drains blood from the portal
vein and the hepatic artery to the hepatic or the central vein

A

Classic Hepatic Lobule

29
Q

Drains bile from hepatocytes to the bile duct

A

Portal Lobule

30
Q

Supplies oxygenated blood to hepatocytes

A

Hepatic Acinus

31
Q

Polygonal
Central vein – occupies center of lobule
Hepatic plates (contains the hepatocytes) – radiate outwards
Portal area with portal triad – present in three corners of each of hepatic lobule

A

HEPATIC (CLASSIC) LOBULE

32
Q

Central area is occupied by portal area where portal triad is
Within portal lobule, blood flows from center to periphery while glandular secretion (bile) flows from periphery to center of lobule

A

PORTAL LOBULE

33
Q

Regarded by many as true anatomical and functional unit of liver
Smaller than classical hepatic lobule and portal lobule
Ellipsoidal and lies between two central veins
Emphasizes pathophysiological aspect of liver

A

HEPATIC ACINUS

34
Q

Both an exocrine and an endocrine gland
Both endocrine and exocrine components are in the lobules

A

Pancreas

35
Q

STROMA of pancreas

________ thin layer of connective tissue

________divide gland into indistinct lobules

A

Capsule

Septa

36
Q

PARENCHYMA of pancreas

A

Glandular epithelium

37
Q

ENDOCRINE PORTION
only ____of pancreas
Islets of Langerhans

A

2%

38
Q

________PORTION
Compound tubuloalveolar (tubuloacinous) gland
Secretes pancreatic juice

A

EXOCRINE

39
Q

Pancreas Secretes pancreatic juice
About_____ a day

contains digestive enzymes for protein, carbohydrate and fat digestion

A

1.2 liters

40
Q

EXOCRINE PORTION

Occupies___% of lobule
Secretory portions are called_______

A

98

pancreatic acini

41
Q

closely-packed low columnar or pyramidal cells
rest on basal lamina
Synthesize enzymatic components of pancreatic juice in rER
Nucleus: round with one or more nucleoli

A

40-50
Pancreatic acinus

42
Q

Pancreas: Ducts

A

Intralobular ducts /Intercalated duct
Interlobular ducts
Pancreatic ducts

43
Q

drains an acinus, squamous or low cuboidal epithelium

A

Intralobular ducts
Intercalated duct

44
Q

Union of intercalated ducts

A

Interlobular ducts

45
Q

Union of interlobular duct
Lined by simple columnar epithelium

A

Pancreatic ducts

46
Q

To collect, store, concentrate, and expel bile when it is needed for emulsification of fat.

A

Gallbladder

47
Q

Bile is continually produced by______ and transported via the excretory ducts to the_____ for storage.

A

liver hepatocytes

gallbladder

48
Q

WALL of gallbladder

A

Mucosa
Muscular layer
Serosa/adventitia

49
Q

Epithelium of gallbladder

A

Simple (tall) columnar with microvilli
No goblet cells

50
Q

Gallbladder
Epithelial invaginations (inpocketings or diverticuli) into the lamina propria and the muscle layer
Not glandular in nature

A

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

51
Q

MUSCULAR LAYER
Of gallbladder

A

Poorly defined
Inner, mostly longitudinally oriented fibers
Outer, mostly circularly oriented muscles

52
Q

produced by enteroendocrine cells of small intestine
Induces contraction of smooth muscles

Found in what layer?

A

Cholecystokinin

Muscular layer

53
Q

SEROSA/ADVENTITIA: Gallbladder
_____over posterior and inferior surfaces
______in surface associated with liver

A

Serosa

Adventitia

Histo LEC (26 decks)

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