Topic 1.1.1 - Bonding and ions

Question 1

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 1

When metals lose electrons to become a cation and non-metals gain electrons to become an anion

Question 2

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 2

2 non-metals achieving full outer shells by sharing electrons, the result is a molecule

Question 3

What is an inorganic ion?

Answer 3

An ion that doesn’t contain carbon and is important in biological processes

Question 4

Nitrate ions?

Answer 4

Plants need them to form amino acids to make proteins.

Question 5

Phosphate ions?

Answer 5

Needed for the formation of ATP,ADP, DNA and RNA. Also needed in photosynthesis and respiration.

Question 6

What does ATP do?

Answer 6

Carries energy within cells

Question 7

Chloride ions?

Answer 7

Needed at the synapse for nerve impulses and helps maintain the pH of the blood during gas exchange

Question 8

Hydrogen Carbonate ions?

Answer 8

Needed for buffering the blood. (Keeping it at a stable PH)

Question 9

Sodium ions?

Answer 9

Needed for generating nerve impulses

Question 10

Calcium ions?

Answer 10

Needed for bone formation and involved in the release of insulin from the pancreas

Question 11

Potassium ions?

Answer 11

Needed for generating nerve impulses and muscle contraction

Question 12

Ammonium ions?

Answer 12

Important source of nitrogen for plants which is used to make amino acids

Question 13

Hydroxide ions?

Answer 13

Affects pH

Question 14

Hydrogen ions?

Answer 14

Needed for photosynthesis and respiration as well as pH balance

Question 15

Magnesium ions?

Answer 15

Needed for the production of chlorophyll in plants

Question 16

Why does water have high surface tension?

Answer 16

Polar molecule
Forms hydrogen bonds
Results in an inward force at surface