1.4-2.3 stuff for test

Question 1

form of writing very large or very small numbers very quickly as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by the power of ten

Answer 1

scientific notation

Question 2

farenheit equation

Answer 2

Tc = 5/9 (Tf - 32) and
Tf = 9/5 (Tc + 32)

Question 3

kelvin equation

Answer 3

Tc = Tk -273.15

Question 4

when adding or subtracting numbers that are written in scientific notation

Answer 4

calculations

Question 5

a measurements certain digits and the first uncertain digit

Answer 5

Significant digits

Question 7

approach to solving problems

Answer 7

1. study the problem
2. write down what your given
3. decide how to solve the problem
4. solve the problem
5. does it make sense

Question 8

any operation can be performed on one side of an equation as long as It is also performed on the other side

Answer 8

literal equation

Question 9

anything that occupies space and has mass

Answer 9

matter

Question 10

measure of energy in matter

Answer 10

temperature

Question 11

energy motion

Answer 11

kinetic energy

Question 12

state of matter that is characterized by definite shape and volume

Answer 12

solid

Question 13

characterized by a definite volume but no definite shape

Answer 13

liquid

Question 14

characterized by neither definite volume nor definite shape

Answer 14

gas

Question 15

fourth state of matter, it is a hot gas in which atoms are partially brown down to form charged particles

Answer 15

plasma

Question 16

form of matter with unique properties that make it difficult from every other substance

Answer 16

substance

Question 17

smallest particles in which an element can be divided and still remain that element

Answer 17

atoms

Question 18

substances that can not be broken down into simlliar substances by ordinary chemical means

Answer 18

elements

Question 19

unique symbols assigned to an element

Answer 19

atomic symbol

Question 20

groups of two or more atoms that are linked by chemical bonds to form distinct units

Answer 20

molecules

Question 21

most abundant element in the universe

Answer 21

oxygen

Question 22

most abundant element in Earth’s crust

Answer 22

iron

Question 23

most abundant in the universe

Answer 23

hydrogen

Question 24

substances that can be decomposed by chemical means into simlliar substances
(2 or more elements bonded together)

Answer 24

compounds

Question 25

grouping of symbols that tell what type of atoms compose a compound and the number of each type of atom in one molecule of the compound

Answer 25

formula

Question 26

substances that have a definite composition and are homogenous (element or compound)

Answer 26

pure substances

Question 27

substance that is composed of the same kind of matter throughout

Answer 27

homogenous

Question 28

substance consisting of two or more pure substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

Answer 28

mixture

Question 29

mixture that consists of pure substances that are incompletely mixed

Answer 29

heterogenous

Question 30

homogenous part of a system that is in contact with but physically distinct from other parts of the system

Answer 30

phase

Question 31

2 types of mixtures

Answer 31

heterogenous and phase

Question 32

matter consists of tiny particles created by John Dalton

Answer 32

atomic theory

Question 33

law stating that the masses of each element is a given compound always have the same ratio

Answer 33

law of definite composition

Question 34

law stating that when 2 elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combines with a fixed mass of the other element are in a ratio of small whole numbers

Answer 34

law of multiple proportions

Question 35

describes a substances appearance

Answer 35

physical properties

Question 36

describe how matter reacts to change into other chemically different substances having different properties

Answer 36

chemical properties

Question 37

changes in physical appearance or matter that do not change identity or chemical composition of a substance

Answer 37

physical changes

Question 38

changes in which a substance becomes different substance with a different composition and properties

Answer 38

chemical change

Question 39

4 things chemical changes

Answer 39

1. formation of a gas 2. formation of a precipitate 3. liberation or absorption of heat, light, or sum other form of energy 4. change in color

Question 40

particles of matter, smaller than atoms

Answer 40

subatomic particles

Question 41

3 parts of subatomic particles

Answer 41

1. electrons 2. protons 3. neutrons

Question 42

negatively charged particles in atoms

Answer 42

electrons

Question 43

positively charged particles in atoms

Answer 43

protons

Question 44

uncharged particle in an atom

Answer 44

neutron

Question 45

small, central core, contains all mass and positive charge in atoms

Answer 45

nucleolus

Question 46

first to create model of atom

Answer 46

JJ Thompson

Question 47

showed proton, proved everything had protons

Answer 47

Ernest Rutherford

Question 48

which model Thompson created

Answer 48

plum pudding model

Question 49

model created by Rutherford

Answer 49

planetary model

Question 50

what holds protons and neutrons

Answer 50

Quarks

Question 51

up quark

Answer 51

charge + 2/3

Question 52

down quark

Answer 52

charge - 1/3