Ch.8. Concept Practice: Short-Term Memory Capacity Flashcards
What is Memory?
The persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.
What is Recall?
Retrieving information that is not currently in your conscious awareness but that was learned at an earlier time.
Recognition
Identifying items previously learned.
Learning something more quickly when you learn it a second or later time.
Relearning
Parallel Processing
Processing many aspects of a stimulus or problem simultaneously.
Sensory Memory
The Immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system.
Short-term memory
Briefly activated memory of a few items that is later stored or forgotten.
Long-term memory
the relatively permanent and limitless archive of the memory system. includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.
Working memory
A newer understanding of short-term memory that adds conscious, active processing of both incoming sensory information and information retrieved from long-term memory.
Explicit Memories
retention of facts and experiences that we can consciously know and “declare”
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
Effortful processing
Automatic processing
unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of familiar or well-learned information, such as sounds, smells, and word meanings.
retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection.
implicit memory
A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second.
Iconic memory
Echoic memory
A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds.