Lecture 10 Flashcards
What is polygenic inheritance?
Multiple genes that control one phenotype of a trait.
What is a phenotype?
An accumulation of contributions of multiple genes.
What is a quantitative trait?
Traits that show continuous variation.
What is an example of a quantitative trait?
Height.
What is pleiotropy?
One gene that controls more than one phenotype of a trait.
What is something that is caused by pleiotropy?
Sickle cell anemia.
What is incomplete dominance?
When there are two dominant genes and neither fully get their way and its watered down. (ex: red flowers x white flowers = pink flowers)
What is codominance?
When there are two dominant genes and they both get their way.
What other than genes effects phenotype?
Environment.
What combination of sex chromosomes is femal?
XX
What combination of sex chromosomes are male?
XY
What is dosage compensation?
It ensures equal expression of genes since female has 2X’s and males only have 1X.
Why is it more common for males to get some diseases than females?
Because it is a X-linked inheritance that is recessive. The male only has to get one bad X to have the disease, whereas females must have 2.
What is hemophilia?
A X-linked recessive gene that affects proteins involved in the formation of blood clots.
What is a trait that is affected by sex genes, but not located on the sex chromosome?
Baldness.
