Circulatory Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

○ Transports blood out of the heart
○ Receives the blood from the heart
○ Elastic

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Transports blood back from the heart
○ Have valves - formed by tunica intima
○ Some veins are valveless - Pulmonary vein

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Counterpart of arterioles
■ Receives blood from capillaries
■ Carries deoxygenated blood

A

Venules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T or F
An increase of HR, increases cardiac output

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • the amount of blood pumped by the
    heart per minute
A

Cardiac Output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the amount of blood pumped by the heart
for each contraction

A

Stroke Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

blood returned to the heart, the amount
of cardiac output

A

Venous Return

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Should blood vessels have a high capacitance?

A

No, because blood continuously flow into your blood vessels
○ Your venous system is 8 times more distensible, why your veins are the blood reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Increase in tissue metabolism causes increase in
blood flow due to an increase demand for
oxygen and nutrients

A

Acute Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Blood vessels valves produces dilator
substances
● A decrease in oxygen causes an increase of
vasodilator substances - histamine,
potassium ions, hydrogen ions

A

Vasodilator Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Absence of oxygen causes vasodilation
● No oxygen, no ATP, no energy, no
contraction
● A lack of glucose, you don’t have anything
to breakdown for energy

A

Oxygen Theory or Nutrient theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Increase arterial pressure, increases oxygen
■ Vasodilator substances decreases due to the increase of oxygen since they are washed out by the increase in blood flow

A

Metabolic Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A sudden stretch of your small blood vessels cause by an increased blood pressure
■ This causes more stretch for your small blood vessels to contract - an intrinsic response of muscles

A

Myogenic Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • a vasodilator, increasing blood vessels, increasing blood flow
A

Nitric oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T or F
When your blood is thick, their is an increase of shear stress because it can tear, releasing endothelin damaging the
endothelium - the Intimal Injury

A

TRUE

16
Q

is a powerful vasoconstrictor, it is released in response to an intimal injury

A

Endothelin

17
Q

There is a formation of new channels
● Allows at least partial release of blood in tissues

A

Collateral Circulation

18
Q

Pressure within your arteries every heartbeat

A

Systolic Blood Pressure

19
Q

Pressure within your artery when your heart is at rest

A

Diastolic Blood Pressure

20
Q

Difference of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure
○ Normal is at 120/80

A

Pulse Pressure

21
Q

Greater the stroke volume, ___amount of blood
that must be accommodated in every heartbeat

A

Greater the stroke volume, greater amount of blood
that must be accommodated in every heartbeat

22
Q

The __the compliance, the greater the rise of
pressure pumped into the arteries
○ Lesser factor we consider is the character of ejection
of the heart during systole

A

The lesser the compliance, the greater the rise of
pressure pumped into the arteries
○ Lesser factor we consider is the character of ejection
of the heart during systole

23
Q

Type of heart valve disease or valvular heart disease
○ The valve narrows and doesn’t open fully, wherein blood decreases and blocks to blood flow in the heart to the aorta and to the rest of the body

A

Aortic Valve Stenosis

24
Q

A persistent opening between the two major blood
vessels
○ A normal part of the baby’s circulatory system
○ If it remains open after birth, it’s Patent Ductus
Arteriosus
○ The blood flows backward, the diastolic pressure falls
very low before the next heartbeat

A

Ductus Arteriosus

25
Q

Occurs when your heart aortic valve doesn’t close
tightly, results to a backflow of blood to the left
ventricle
○ Aortic valve is absent, therefore, the blood flows
immediately back and the aortic pressure falls all the
way to 0

A

Aortic Regurgitation

26
Q

What will happen if If RAP increase above its normal value 0mmHg,

A

the blood begins to back up in the large veins

27
Q

T or F
If RA pressure is greater as high as 4 to 6 mmHg, their
will be a rise in peripheral venous pressure in the limbs
and elsewhere

A

TRUE

28
Q

More than __% of blood is in the veins , there will be a
greater compliance of the venous system

A

60%

29
Q

Source of blood
○ Spleen -
○ Liver -
○ Large Abdominal Veins -
○ Venous plexus beneath the skin
○ Heart and lungs -

A

Source of blood
○ Spleen - can decrease in size
○ Liver - they have sinuses
○ Large Abdominal Veins - contributes as much as 300 microliters of blood
○ Venous plexus beneath the skin
○ Heart and lungs - main contributor

30
Q
A