lecture 14

Question 1

living microorganisms

Answer 1

-bacteria
-protista
-mycotae

Question 2

non-living microorganisms

Answer 2

-viruses
-prion
-retroviruses

Question 3

what are bacterial colonies

Answer 3

growing bacteria that multiplied and grew on a petri dish

Question 4

what are the 2 ways to classify the appearance of a cell

Answer 4

• type of cell wall
  -cell shape and arrangement

Question 5

what are the two types of bacterial cell walls

Answer 5

-peptidoglycan
-lipopolysamlharide

Question 6

4 steps of gram staining

Answer 6

-pour blue dye
-fix it with iodine
-wash out with alcohol
-pour red dye

Question 7

what does the blue dye in the gram staining determine?

Answer 7

if absorbed it means the cell wall consists of peptidoglycan

if not absorbed then wall consists of lipopolysamlharide

Question 8

what color is gram +

Answer 8

blue
purple

Question 9

what color is gram -

Answer 9

pink
red

Question 10

cell shape of cocci (coccus)

Answer 10

round

Question 11

cell shape of bacilli

Answer 11

rod-shaped

Question 12

cell shape of spirilli

Answer 12

twisted or helix shaped

Question 13

arrangement of a diplo-

Answer 13

in pairs

Question 14

arrangement of strepto-

Answer 14

in chains

Question 15

arrangement of staphylo-

Answer 15

in clusters

Question 16

3 types of respiration performed by bacterial cells

Answer 16

1. aerobic respiration
2. anaerobic respiration
3. obligate anaerobic respiration

Question 17

what is an endospore

Answer 17

a hard shell formed around the bacterial DNA to preserve the bacteria

Question 18

where is good bacteria found in the human body

Answer 18

in the GI tract, normal flora

Question 19

what is normal flora

Answer 19

bacteria living in the colon which produces vitamin k

Question 20

3 major parts of the ear

Answer 20

1. outer ear
2. middle ear
3. inner ear

Question 21

what does the outer ear include:

Answer 21

pinna (auricle)
external auditory canal
tympanic membrane (ear drum)

Question 22

what does the inner ear consist of

Answer 22

3 tiny bones, the malleus, incus, stapes

Question 23

what does the inner ear include

Answer 23

cochlea and semicircular canals with the vestibule

Question 24

what does the pinna or auricle collect

Answer 24

sound waves

Question 25

what does the external auditory canal do

Answer 25

directs sound waves to the ear drum

Question 26

what does the tympanic membrane do

Answer 26

begins to vibrate with frequency of sound wave

Question 27

what is the semicircular canal and vestibule responsible for

Answer 27

balance and equilibrium

Question 28

what is the cochlea responsible for.

Answer 28

sound detection

Question 29

what is cilia

Answer 29

(seaweed like)