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Positioning 1 > Ch. 3 Abdomen (workbook) > Flashcards

Ch. 3 Abdomen (workbook) Flashcards

1
Q

what position best demonstrates a possible aortic aneurysm in the prevertebral region of the abdomen

A

lateral position

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2
Q

radiograph of AP abdomen shows the left iliac wing is more narrowed than the right, what is the positioning error

A

slight rotation into an RPO

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3
Q

what positioning routine is used to rule out the presence of a kidney stone

A

KUB

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4
Q

which projection best demonstrates free air under the diaphragm

A

PA chest

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5
Q

recommended overlap when using 2 landscapes places IRs for an AP projection of a supine abdomen

A

1-2” (3-5 cm)

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6
Q

the CR for an erect abdomen is placed where

A

2” (5 cm) above iliac crest

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7
Q

what decub best demonstrates possible aneurysms, calcifications of the aorta or unbiblical hernias

A

dorsal decub

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8
Q

which decub position of the abdomen best demonstrates intraperitoneal air in the abdomen

A

left lateral decub

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9
Q

what body habitus might require 2 landscape IRs to be taken so the entire abdomen is included

A

hypersthenic

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10
Q

rotation on a KUB can be determine by loss of symmetry in these 4 things

A
  • ischial spines
  • iliac wings
  • outer rib margins
  • obturator foramen - if visible
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11
Q

where is CR for a supine AP projection of abdomen

A

on iliac crest

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12
Q

radiograph shows distended loops of air-filled small intestine

A

Crohn’s disease

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13
Q

large amount of air trapped in sigmoid colon with a tapered narrowing at the site of obstruction

A

volvulus

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14
Q

deep air-filled mucosal protrusions of colon wall on a radiographic image

A

ulcerative colitis

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15
Q

thin crest-shaped radiolucency underneath diaphragm

A

pneumoperitoneum

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16
Q

general abdominal haziness on radiographic image

A

ascites

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17
Q

air-filled “coiled spring” appearance

A

intussusception

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18
Q

chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall that may result in bowel obstruction

A

Crohn’s disease

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19
Q

a twisting of a loop of bowel creating an obstruction

A

volvulus

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20
Q

bowel obstruction caused by a lack of intestinal peristalsis

A

adynamic (paralytic) ileus

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21
Q

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

ascites

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22
Q

telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop of bowel

A

intussusception

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23
Q

inflammatory condition of the colon

A

ulcerative colitis

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24
Q

free air or gas in peritoneal cavity

A

pneumoperitoneum

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25
Q

imaging modality used to evaluate patients with acute appendicitis

A

ultrasound

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26
Q

preferred imaging modality for examining the gall bladder quickly

A

ultrasound

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27
Q

gonadal shielding for females - top of shield should be placed _____ and bottom of shield _____

A

at or slightly above ASIS; symphysis pubis

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28
Q

best mechanism to control involuntary motion

A

short exposure time

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29
Q

primary cause of involuntary motion in the abdomen

A

peristaltic action of bowel

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30
Q

what level in iliac crest at

A

L4-L5

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31
Q

which topographic landmark is found at the level of L2-L3

A

inferior costal margin

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32
Q

what topographic landmark corresponds to the inferior margin of the abdomen

A

symphysis pubis

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33
Q

where are the ischial tuberosities in relation to the symphysis pubis

A

1 1/2” (1-4 cm) distal

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34
Q

what level is the greater trochanter at

A

superior border of pubic symphysis

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35
Q

double fold of peritoneum that connects the transverse colon to the greater curvature of the stomach

A

greater omentum

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36
Q

what structure helps stabilize and support the small intestine

A

mesentery

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37
Q

organs located posteriorly to or behind the serous membrane lining of the abdominopelvic cavity are referred to as

A

retroperitoneal organs

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38
Q

radiographic study of the entire urinary system

A

intravenous urogram (IVU)

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39
Q

what endocrine gland is located superomedial to each kidney

A

suprarenal (adrenal)

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40
Q

where is the pancreas located in relation to the stomach

A

posteriorly

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41
Q

what two parts of the large intestine is the sigmoid colon located between

A

descending colon and rectum

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42
Q

what quadrant does the large intestine begin and what is that saclike area called

A

RLQ; cecum

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43
Q

which portion of the small intestine is considered the longest

A

ileum

44
Q

the medical pre-fix for stomach

A

gastro-

45
Q

two large muscles found on the posterior abdomen adjacent to the lumbar vertebra that are usually visible on an AP radiograph

A

psoas muscles

46
Q

helps hold the end of the duodenum up; connects duodenum to the diaphragm

A

ligament of treitz

47
Q

study of collecting system of the kidneys

A

intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

48
Q

which organ is considered part of the lymphatic system

A

spleen

49
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the liver

A

intraperitoneal

50
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the gallbladder

A

intraperitoneal

51
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the spleen

A

intraperitoneal

52
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the stomach

A

intraperitoneal

53
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the jejunum

A

intraperitoneal

54
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the ileum

A

intraperitoneal

55
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the cecum

A

intraperitoneal

56
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the transverse colon

A

intraperitoneal

57
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the sigmoid colon

A

intraperitoneal

58
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where are the kidneys

A

retroperitoneal

59
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where are the ureters

A

retroperitoneal

60
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where are the adrenal glands

A

retroperitoneal

61
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the pancreas

A

retroperitoneal

62
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the duodenum

A

retroperitoneal

63
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the ascending and descending colon

A

retroperitoneal

64
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the upper rectum

A

retroperitoneal

65
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where are the major abdominal blood vessels

A

retroperitoneal

66
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the lower rectum

A

infraperitoneal

67
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where is the urinary bladder

A

infraperitoneal

68
Q

in accordance to the peritoneal cavity where are the reproductive organs

A

infraperitoneal

69
Q

what quadrant is the liver in

A

RUQ

70
Q

what quadrant is the gallbladder in

A

RUQ

71
Q

what quadrant is the hepatic flexure in

A

RUQ

72
Q

what quadrant is the duodenum in

A

RUQ

73
Q

what quadrant is the head of the pancreas in

A

RUQ

74
Q

what quadrant is the right kidney in

A

RUQ

75
Q

what quadrant is the right suprarenal gland in

A

RUQ

76
Q

what quadrant is the spleen in

A

LUQ

77
Q

what quadrant is the stomach in

A

LUQ

78
Q

what quadrant is the splenic flexure in

A

LUQ

79
Q

what quadrant is the tail of the pancreas in

A

LUQ

80
Q

what quadrant is the left kidney in

A

LUQ

81
Q

what quadrant is the left suprarenal gland in

A

LUQ

82
Q

what quadrant is the ascending colon in

A

RLQ

83
Q

what quadrant is the appendix in

A

RLQ

84
Q

what quadrant is the cecum in

A

RLQ

85
Q

what quadrant is the 2/3 ileum in

A

RLQ

86
Q

what quadrant is the ileocecal valve in

A

RLQ

87
Q

what quadrant is the descending colon in

A

LLQ

88
Q

what quadrant is the sigmoid colon in

A

LLQ

89
Q

what quadrant is the 2/3 of jejunum in

A

LLQ

90
Q

primary cause for involuntary motion in the abdomen

A

peristaltic motion of the intestines

91
Q

T/F for an adult abdomen, a collimation margin must be visible on all four sides of the radiograph

A

false

92
Q

gonadal shielding for females involves placing the top of the shield at or slightly above ___, with the bottom at the ___

A

ASIS, symphysis pubis

93
Q

T/F a radiolucent pad should be placed underneath geriatric patients for added comfort

A

true

94
Q

with the use of iodinated contrast, this imaging modality can distinguish between a simple cyst and a tumor of the liver

A

CT

95
Q

preferred imaging modality for examining the gallbladder quickly

A

ultrasound

96
Q

used to evaluate patients with acute appendicitis

A

ultrasound

97
Q

where is CR for a supine AP projection of the abdomen

A

iliac crest

98
Q

rotation on a KUB can be determined by symmetric appearance of what

A

iliac wings, obturator foramina, ischial spines, outer rib margins

99
Q

T/F a tall asthenic patient may require two IRs placed portrait so that the entire abdomen is included

A

true

100
Q

this structure is not visible on a properly exposed KUB

A

pancreas

101
Q

which decubitus of the abdomen best demonstrates intraperitoneal air in the abdomen

A

left lateral decubitus

102
Q

which decubitus position best demonstrates possible aneurysms, calcifications of the aorta, or umbilical hernias

A

dorsal decubitus

103
Q

which projection best demonstrates a possible aortic aneurysm in the prevertebral region of the abdomen

A

lateral position

104
Q

which projection of the acute abdominal series best demonstrates free air under the diaphragm

A

PA chest

105
Q

to ensure diaphragm is included on an erect abdomen projection, the CR should be at the level of ___, which places the top collimation at the level of the ___

A

2” above iliac crest, axilla

106
Q

recommended overlap when using two landscape IRs for an AP projection of the supine abdomen of an obese patient

A

1-2” (3-5 cm)

107
Q

what scale of contrast is recommended for visualization of the abdominal structures on an abdominal x-ray

A

long-scale

Positioning 1 (48 decks)

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