violence in sport

Question 1

what are the 3 causes of violence in sport

Answer 1

• spectators
• ## performers

Question 2

name 3 causes of violence in sport in relation to the performer

Answer 2

• Win ethic and high rewards for success.
• Importance of event.
• Nature of sport.
• NGB too lenient with their punishment.
• excitement / over arousal.
• Refereeing decisions leading to frustration.

Question 3

causes of violence in sport in relation to the spectator

Answer 3

motional intensity and ritual importance.
- Alcohol and drugs.
- Pre-match media hype.
- Poor policing, stewarding and crowd control.
- Lack of effects deterrents + punishment.
- Diminished responsibility in large groups.
- Poor officiating causing frustration amongst fans.
- Volent players reflected in fans.
- Display of masculinity
- Religious discord e.g. Ranger vs Celtic.

Question 4

Strategies for preventing violence in sport in relation to the performer

Answer 4

• Promoting performers will good discipline.
• Introducing education campaigns; FA respect campaign. Fair play awards.
• More officials to help make decisions.
• Video evidence and video replay
• Citing performers after the event.
• (NGB’s) Together sanctions longer bans, higher fines.

Question 5

Strategies for preventing violence in sport in relation to the spectator

Answer 5

• Ban or greater control of alcohol sales; change match start times to earlier in the day.
• Increase use of police intelligence, CCTV.
• Impose tougher deterrents like match bans (English fans banned from international matches.)
  encourage responsible media reporting prior to matches.
• Citing performers after the event.
• Specific laws passed to prevent trespass – pitch invasions.

Question 6

what is hooliganism

Answer 6

• acts of vandalism and violence in public places committed especially by youths.
• Untruly, violent and destructive behaviour by over – zealous supporters of association football clubs.