BGM1004/L19 Origin of Genes Flashcards
What are genes from mitochondrial genomes closely related to?
Alpha-proteobacteria
How long is the biggest mitochondrial genome? (In proteins)
67 proteins
What is the role of mtHsp70? (2)
Protein import into mitochondria
Assembly of FeS clusters
What kind of gene transfer is mitochondrial Hsp70 an example of?
Lateral gene transfer
Where were functional core genes inherited from?
Common ancestor with Asgard Archaea
What came first: nucleus or mitochondria?
Cannot be determined
Name the 2 main theories for origin of modern humans.
Multiregional Model
Out of Africa Hypothesis
Describe the Multiregional Model for origin of modern humans.
Modern populations arose independently in different parts of the world from isolated populations of Homo erectus
Describe the Out of Africa Hypothesis for origin of modern humans.
Modern humans originated in Africa and moved into rest of the old world displacing descendents of Homo erectus encountered
How can the origin of modern humans be tested? (3)
Comparing sequences of different populations
Genetic drift occurs
Map relationships of interbreeding
What did the first studies of origin of modern humans involve?
Comparison of mitochondrial DNA
What was the first evidence supporting the Out of Africa Hypothesis?
Phylogenetic tree reconstructed from mitochondrial RFLP data
When did Neanderthals live in Europe?
300,000 to 30,000 years ago
What is paleogenetics?
Study of the past through examination of preserved genetic material
Closely related genomes between modern humans in Eurasia and Melanesia and Neanderthals or Denisovans suggests what?
At least 2 events of interbreeding
