(XIV) Fungi Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, etc Flashcards
2 routes of spread of fungi to respiratory tract:
1. […]
2. […]
2 routes of spread of fungi to respiratory tract:
1. endobronchial
2. hematogenous
3 important species of dematophytes to know
1. […]
2. […]
3. […]
3 important species of dematophytes to know
1. Microsporum
2. Epidermophyton
3. Trichophyton
3 types of superficial mycoses to know:
1. […]
2. […]
3. Other fungi, eg. Malassezia furfur
3 types of superficial mycoses to know:
1. Dermatophytes
2. Superficial Candidosis
3. Other fungi, eg. Malassezia furfur
4 examples of aspergillus that can cause diseases are
1. […]
2. […]
3. […]
4. […]
4 examples of aspergillus that can cause diseases are
1. aspergillus fumigatus
2. aspergillus flavus
3. aspergillus niger
4. aspergillus terreus
uh….NTFF???
Aspergillus Infection (have different forms)
Lung
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
- hypersensitivity response to Aspergillus ([…]-like symptoms –cough, wheezing, shortness of breath)
- Invasive aspergillosis (nodule, cavity, consolidation, infiltrates)
Other tissues including the central nervous system, sinuses, bone, heart, kidney, eye, blood and skin
Aspergillus Infection (have different forms)
Lung
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
- hypersensitivity response to Aspergillus (asthma-like symptoms –cough, wheezing, shortness of breath)
- Invasive aspergillosis (nodule, cavity, consolidation, infiltrates)
Other tissues including the central nervous system, sinuses, bone, heart, kidney, eye, blood and skin
Risk factors for invasive aspergillosis include patients on steroids, chemotherapy treatment resulting in severe neutropenia, stem cell and solid organ transplantation, AIDS
Candida vascular infections
Cardiac (Pericardium, myocardium, endocardium)
- Purulent […]
- […] (non -specific ECG changes -SVT, QRS changes mimicking infarction, pronounced T-wave changes)
Endocarditis
- Predisposing factors : Underlying heart disease, IVDA, cancer chemotherapy, prosthetic valves, prolonged use of intravenous catheters -right -sided endocarditis, superimposed on bacterial endocarditis
Urinary Tract
- Candiduria
- Upper tract involvement –> […]
- Haematogenous or ascending infection
- Fungus balls, perinephric abscess, papillary necrosis
Candida vascular infections
** ** (Pericardium, myocardium, endocardium)
- Purulent pericarditis
- Myocarditis (non -specific ECG changes -SVT, QRS changes mimicking infarction, pronounced T-wave changes)
Endocarditis
- Predisposing factors : Underlying heart disease, IVDA, cancer chemotherapy, prosthetic valves, prolonged use of intravenous catheters -right -sided endocarditis, superimposed on bacterial endocarditis
Urinary Tract
- Candiduria
- Upper tract involvement –> kidneys
- Haematogenous or ascending infection
- Fungus balls, perinephric abscess, papillary necrosis
Categories of systemic mycoses
1. […]
2. […]
3. […]
4. Dimorphic fungi (rare in sg)
5. Murcomycosis/Phycomycosis
Categories of systemic mycoses
1. Cryptococcosis
2. Aspergillosis
3. Systemic candidosis
4. Dimorphic fungi (rare in sg)
5. Murcomycosis/Phycomycosis
Cryptococcus infection clinical maifestation
- CNS ([…], […])
- Lung ([…], […], […])
- Prostate
- Skin
- Bloodstream
Cryptococcus infection clinical maifestation
- CNS (meningitis, cryptococcoma)
- Lung (pneumonia, pleural effusion, cyptococcoma)
- Prostate
- Skin
- Bloodstream
Diseases caused by fungi can be classified under 3 pathological categories
1. […]
2. […]
3. […]
Diseases caused by fungi can be classified under 3 pathological categories
1. Poisoning
2. Allergy
3. Infection
Factors predisposing to systemic fungal infection
- […]
- intravenous drug abuse (IVDA)
- hyperalimentation (artificial nutrients, typically IV)
- polyethylene catheters
- neutropenia
- neutrophil defects
Factors predisposing to systemic fungal infection
- antibiotics
- intravenous drug abuse (IVDA)
- hyperalimentation (artificial nutrients, typically IV)
- polyethylene catheters
- neutropenia
- neutrophil defects
Fungi can exist in 2 forms: […] and/or […]
Fungi can exist in 2 forms: Yeasts (single cell form) and/or Hyphae (filamentous form)
Infection of ringworms on various parts of skin is known as
Infection of ringworms on various parts of skin is known as
Scalp: Tinea capitis
Face: Tinea faciei
Arms/Legs/Trunks: Tinea corporis
Facial Hair: Tinea barbae
Hands/Palms: Tinea manuum
Feet: Tinea pedis
Groin: Tinea cruris
Nails: Tinea unguium
ringworms aren’t worms. It’s just what you generally call a cutaneous fungal infection
Most common cutaneous candidiasis belongs to the species […]
Most common cutaneous candidiasis belongs to the species Candida albicans
Most common systemic fungi is […]
Most common systemic fungi is Candida
Found in
Normal commensal of humans
Female genital tract
soil
most medically important fungi can be grown on […]
most medically important fungi can be grown on Sabouraud’s medium
Selective for fungi because of it’s low pH, antibiotics and supplements such as chloraemphenicol.
Yeasts grow as single colonies while moulds spread out.
