Communicable diseases - 2 (examples)

Question 1

What are the example(s) of viral diseases?

Answer 1

• Measeles
• HIV
• Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)

Question 2

What are the example(s) of bacterial diseases?

Answer 2

• Salmonella
• Gonorhoea

Question 3

What are the example(s) of fungal diseases?

Answer 3

• Rose black spot

Question 4

What are the example(s) of protist diseases?

Answer 4

• Malaria

Question 5

Explain measles

Answer 5

• Spread by droplets from an infected person (cough / sneeze)
• Causes a red skin rash and will cause fever symptoms
• Can be fatal and causes other diseases such as pneumonia
• Most people are vaccinated against measles at a young age

Question 6

Explain HIV

Answer 6

• Spread by sexual contact (unprotected sex) / transfer of bodily fluids (sharing needles)
• Initially causes flu-like sumptoms for a few weeks, then no symptoms will be exhibited for a while. During this time, HIV can be controlled by antiretroviral drug (stops the virus from replicating)
• The virus attacks the body’s immune system
• If the body’s immune system becomes too damaged, it is unable to fight off other infections and cancers. This is known as late - stage HIV or AIDS

Question 7

Explain Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)

Answer 7

• Affects certain plant species (tobacco and tomato)
• Causes discouloration of the leaf, like a mosaic
• Plant can no longer carry out photosynthesis - stunted growth

Question 8

Explain salmonella

Answer 8

• A type of food-poisoning. Results in somach cramps, vomiting, diarhoea and a fever
• Can be caused either by eathing food that was infected when it was alive (chicken) or by food that was prepared in unhygeinic conditions
• most poultry is vaccinated against salmonellaE

Question 9

Explain gonorhoea

Answer 9

• A type of sexually transmitted disease (STD)
• Transmitted via exchange of bodiy fluids
• Causes pain while urinating and a thick yellow / green discharge from the penis / vagina
• Used to betreated with penicilin but some strains have become immune. Now it is treated with more rare and expensive antibiotics
• Can be prevented with barrier methods of contraception

Question 10

Explain rose black spot

Answer 10

• Causes black spots to appear on leaves of plants (usually roses). The leaves then turn yellow and fall off
• Plants can’t photosynthesis properly - stunted growth
• It is spread by infected water of wind
• Can be treated by spraying the plant with funicides or chopping off all infected leaves

Question 11

Explain malaria

Answer 11

• Spread by a vector (mosquitoes)
  -The mosquitoes pick up the parasite when they feed on infected animals
• Malaria causes repeating fevers - can be fatal
• Malaria can be prevented by killing mosquito breeding sites or using mosquito nets