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Usask year 3.1 > psych part 3 > Flashcards

psych part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the modal model of memory storage

A

input comes in trhough the ears and goes into sensory memory then it goes into short term memory from there some memories are tossed completley, some stay with repetiton and some make it to long term

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2
Q

what is the sperling task

A

12 letters flashed then repeat what u saw

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3
Q

partial report is what

A

you have 12 letters but u have to say what row u saw what letter on this method is 75% more accurate but when sound delayed only 30%

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4
Q

what is masking in memory

A

masking erases that original piece of info if its presented to quickly

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5
Q

short term memory is…

A

is any info thats made it past the attenuator

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6
Q

digit span task

A

numerous trials with different sets of numbers

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7
Q

george miller and magic number 7

A

he believe that humans could only remember up to 7 digits before they started forgetting

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8
Q

whats the scanning task

A

scanning through numbers or letters to find the probe

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9
Q

parallel scanning

A

is seeing all the letters at once then seeing if the probe was there this strategy is too fast

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10
Q

serial strategy

A

go thru each one and stop when u find it

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11
Q

exhaustive strategy

A

go thru each one even after u found it

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12
Q

working memory capacity

A

memory for visual stimuli

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13
Q

articulatory suppression

A

restricting somone from repeating back words

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14
Q

central executive functions

A

controlled processing in working memory and decision making

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15
Q

phonological loop

A

speech and sound related componet of working memory

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16
Q

episodic buffer

A

the link between working memory and ltm

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17
Q

what is categorization

A

a mental representation of an object or event

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18
Q

categories vs concepts

A

categories are broad concepts are specific

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19
Q

what is typicality

A

typical items are more easily judged as members of a category than atypical items

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20
Q

what is a prototype approach to categorization

A

average representation of the typical members of a category

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21
Q

what are the 3 ways of organizing knowledge

A

global/super basic and specific/sub

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22
Q

an animal is an example of what category

A

global

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23
Q

a gold fish is an example of what category

A

specific subordinate

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24
Q

a fish is an example of what category

A

basic

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25
Q

how does spreading activation work?

A

When the word chocolate was processed, it may have activated the node for cookie via spreading activation, leading to participants thinking they remembered the word cookie being on the list.

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26
Q

whats the lexical decision task

A

how long it takes to see if a word is real or not

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27
Q

what is the connectionist model

A

knowledge is distributed rather then being localized and that it is retrieved through spreading activation

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28
Q

graceful degration

A

info processing should be be able to respond to minor errors without generating completley incorrect output ie escalators

29
Q

sensory functional hypothesis

A

living things depends on their perceptual features while the distinction between nonliving things depends on their functional features.

30
Q

what is long term memory

A

info that is sufficiently encoded in short term memory moves to long term storage

31
Q

serial position effect

A

tendency to remember the first and last thing from a list

32
Q

in reading/memory the primary effect is….

A

the first words have privelege

33
Q

recency effect…

A

last words have privlege 30 sec delays recency

34
Q

explicit memory uses what type of effort

A

requires concious effort

35
Q

implicit memory

A

motor skills doesnt require conscious effort

36
Q

shallow processing

A

superficial level of mental processing that primarily focuses on the surface-level features of information or stimuli

37
Q

deep processing

A

rehearsal which involves a more meaningful analysis (e.g. images, thinking, associations, etc.) of information and leads to better recall

38
Q

explixit memory is made up of. 2 types of memory..

A

episodic and semantic mwmory

39
Q

implicit memory is made up of two types of memory

A

classical conditioning and procedal memory

40
Q

what are the 4 types of instruction in depth processsing

A
  1. Explicit learning (Learn the word)
  2. Implicit learning (Is there an “e”)
  3. Implicit learning (Count the letters)
  4. Implicit learning (How pleasant?)
41
Q

what is the generation effect

A

where information is better remembered if it is generated from one’s own mind rather than simply read.

42
Q

retrieval aid

A

Retrieval cues are used to associate memories with an experience or object to help the retrieval of that memory.

43
Q

self reference effect

A

give a list of words and relate them back to self

44
Q

production effect

A

Verbally produce the information

45
Q

enactment effect

A

reteaching someone the info

46
Q

encoding specificity

A

the condition u learn in will be the best to take tests in

47
Q

state dependant learning like encoding specificity

A

people are more likely to retrieve memories in the same state of consciousness

48
Q

adaptive memory

A

Humans preferentially remember information processed for their survival relevance

49
Q

is hilighting useful

A

no

50
Q

elaborative interrogation

A

involves the student in generating an explanation for why an explicitly stated fact or concept is true.

51
Q

best way to learn complex material steps

A

One rung at a time
Go in intervals
Proximal learning is effective for complex information

52
Q

karl lashley theory of the brain

A

if part of one area of the brain involved in memory is damaged, another part of the same area can take over that memory function

53
Q

who was hm and what happened

A

Had numerous seizures
Graded retrograde amnesia
He stopped having seizures after the hippocampus was removed
But he started having memory deficits issues
He developed Anterograde amnesia

54
Q

Explicit memory requires

A

the hippocampus

55
Q

who was clive wearing

A

developed total amnesia as a result of his illness. Because of damage to the hippocampus he is completely unable to form lasting new memories. His memory for events lasts between seven and thirty seconds.

56
Q

neurons that fire together…

A

wire together

57
Q

what does neurons that fire together wire together mean

A

when activity in one cell repeatedly elicits action potentials in a second cell, synaptic strength is potentiated (32).

58
Q

what is the Entorhinal cortex

A

located in the medial temporal lobe, whose functions include being a widespread network hub for memory, navigation, and the perception of time.

59
Q

neurogenesis in the hippocampus

A

new neurons are formed to migrate to form circuits within the hippocampus

60
Q

what is ltp

A

Long-Term Potentiation (LTP)
– Occurs when two neurons continually fire together
– Subsequent firing becomes more efficient

61
Q

whats synaptic consolidation

A

a process that enables synapses to retain their strength for a much longer time (days to years), instead of returning to their original value.

62
Q

systems consolidation id dependant on…

A

less dependant on hippocampusover time

63
Q

Standard consolidation model

A

Over time the memory trace becomes less and less dependant on the hippocampus and its stored in different regions
Long term memories are independent of the campus

64
Q

multiple trace model in consolidation

A

Over time memories are stored in a different area
Traces in the campus allow for fine details of the memory
Even tho its stored outside when the hippo is damaged youll lose some of those memories

65
Q

Memory consolidation

A

Memory consolidation refers to the process by which a temporary, labile memory is transformed into a more stable, long-lasting form.

66
Q

Memory reconsolidation

A

Memory reconsolidation is the process in which reactivated long-term memory (LTM) becomes transiently sensitive to amnesic agents that are effective at consolidation

67
Q

Effect of inhibiting enneagram neurons

A

Fear conditioning in mice
Located in hippocampus

68
Q

Inducing responses in enneagram neurons

A

if you can erase a memory yu can reinstall a memory by exciting a neurons
Light stimulation is used to turn the neurons on and off

Usask year 3.1 (11 decks)

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