Lesson 2: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
Describe pharmacokinetics
Deals with the study of how the body affects a drug. Process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination.
What does ADME stand for?
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination.
Describe absorption.
The process of drug entry into the bloodstream.
Describe distribution.
The movement of a drug from the bloodstream to tissues/organs.
Describe metabolism.
The enzymatic conversion of a drug into metabolites.
Describe elimination.
The removal of drug and its metabolites from the body.
Define pharmacodynamics.
Focuses on the study of the effects of drugs on the body.
Which branch of pharmacology investigates receptor binding, enzyme inhibition or modulation of cellular signaling pathways?
Pharmacodynamics
Which branch of pharmacology helps determine concentration of a drug and factors such as bioavailability, half-life, clearance and drug-drug interactions?
Pharmacokinetics
List some factors that affect drug absorption.
Route of administration, drug formulation, solubility, pH, blood flow and other substances present.
Can drugs be absorbed in many different body areas?
Yes, such as GI tract, mucous membranes, skin, lungs or subcutaneous tissues.
What are some factors influencing drug distribution?
Blood flow, tissue permeability, drug solubility, plasma protein binding and tissue affinity.
Where is the primary site of drug metabolism?
The liver, although kidneys, lungs and intestines also contribute.
What is biotransformation?
When drugs are changed into new, less active chemicals.
List some routes the body uses to excrete drugs.
Skin, saliva, lungs, bile and feces.
