Nervous system quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Motor nerves are e____

A

efferent: carry messages away from the brain. Connect nervous system to muscles or effector organs to take action.

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1
Q

Sensory nerves are a_______

A

afferent: bring signals to the brain. Activated by physical stimuli; information about body and external environment

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2
Q

Mixed nerves

A

Carry both afferent and efferent nerve fibres. All spinal nerves are mixed.

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3
Q

axons

A

thin fibers that neurons use to send electrochemical waves to excite, inhibit, or modulate a cell.

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4
Q

Central neurons

A

make all input and output connections with other neurons forming neural circuits to create a whole sensory perception

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5
Q

glial cells

A

provide structural and metabolic support for neurons

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6
Q

peripheral nervous system PNS

A

sensory neurons from stimulus receptors that inform the CNS, and motor neurons from the CNS to the muscles and organs - EFFECTORS, that take taction.

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7
Q

central nervous system (CND)

A

Spinal cord and the brain; processes information recieved and signals out appropriate responses to the environment.

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8
Q

ganglia

A

groups of nerve cell bodies outside of the CNS

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9
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

responsible for monitoring conditions in internal environment and regulation. Contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle control. Largely involuntary and self regulating.

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10
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight or flight mechanisms. Increases heart rate, delivers more blood and oxygen, and slows other organ functions.

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11
Q

preganglionic sympathetic neurons

A

acetylcholine ACh neurotransmitter. Arise from spinal cord and pass into sympathetic ganglia parallel to cord.

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12
Q

postganglionic neurons

A

noradrenaline/norepinephrine neurotransmitter. action on glands or muscles is excitatory or inhibitory; raises bp, stimulates heartbeat, dilates trachea and bronchi, shunts blood away from skin and viscera, etc.

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13
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

Returns body functions to baseline after a sympathetic stimulation. Main nerves are the 10th cranial nerves; VAGUS originating in medulla oblongata.

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