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My MCAT PSYC > Personality: Erikson, Kohlberg, Freud, Vgotsky > Flashcards

Personality: Erikson, Kohlberg, Freud, Vgotsky Flashcards

CH6.3 Personality

1
Q

personality

A

how someone acta and reacts

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2
Q

2 major people in psychoanalysis

A

sigmund freud
carl jung

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3
Q

psychoanalytic perspective

A

actions and thoughts and emtotions are created in the unconscious

analyze dreams
analyze free word associations

what needs are unmet?

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4
Q

id vs ego vs supergo

A

Remember, the id is the impulsive part of your personality that is driven by pleasure and repulsed by pain, the superego is the judgmental and morally correct part of your personality, and the ego is the conscious part of your personality that mediates between the id and the superego and makes decisions.

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5
Q

Abraham Maslow levels of needs

A
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6
Q

what did george kelly think?

A
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7
Q

what did kurt lewin think?

A
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8
Q

what did carl rogers think?

A
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9
Q

trait perspective

A

focused on describing individual personalities as the sum of characteristic behaviors

focuses onpatterns of people thoughts and behavior to see what it stable

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10
Q

what did Sybil and Hans Eysenk do?

A

PEN model through factor analysis
Psychoticism - agressive, tough minded
Extraversion - outgoing
Neuroticism - proneness to depression and anxiety

**MODERN expanded to **
Openness
Agreeableness - how trusting and moral

ditch for Psychoticismonscientiiousness

The BIG 5 Traits: OCEAN

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11
Q

what is gordon allport famous for?

A

cardinal traits - dominate personality
central traits - main traits of personality
secondary traits - vary depending on circumstances due to attitudes and preferences

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12
Q

contrast personality perspectives: psychoanalysis, trait behaviorists, behaviorism and social cognitive perspective

A

psychoanalysis - you are your unconscious
trait behaviorists - you are your thought and behaviors
(behaviorism - personality is a reflection of behaviors reinforced over time)
behaviorism and social cognitive perspective - environment determines how you act

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13
Q

behaviorist perspective and example of proponent

A

personality is a reflection of behaviorist that have been reinforced over time

BF Skinner

behaviors can be learned and unlearned

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14
Q

social cognitive perspective and example of proponent

A

attitudes are formed through observation of behavior, cognition and environment

albert bandura
personal factors (cog, aff, bio), environmental factors, behaviors all interact with eachother

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15
Q

locus of control

A

degree to which you or somehting else has control over your life

internal and external locus of control

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16
Q

biological perspective

A

personality can be explained by biology of your brain

neurotransmitters

17
Q

humanistic perspective

A

personality is result of our conscious feelings as we attempt to attain our needs and goals

18
Q

type personality

A

people tend to be compeitive and compulsive or laid back and relaxed

19
Q

trait perspective states

A

personality as sum of persons characteristic behaviors

not applicable to sensitivity training

20
Q

sensitivity training to look past differences uses what theory of personality

A

humanistic

21
Q

what is reciprocal determinism

A

idea that actions are determined by interaction between our thoughts, feelings, behaviors and environment

albert bandura

22
Q

arousal motivation

A

people perform actions in order to maintain an optimal level of arousal. if at suboptimal arousal they are motivated to raise arousal and if opposite to lower

seeking excitement after day of work increases arousal

23
Q

culture based motivation

A

people perform actions due to cultural norms

24
Q

drive reduction theory

A

motivation is based on eliminating uncomfortable states such as hunger

after a long nap, child cries out to mother for food

25
Q

incentive theory of motivation

A

people enage in behaviors for rewards or avoiding punishment

26
Q

low ball technique

A

after getting an inital commitment, cost of commitment is raised

after agreeing to attend montly meeting the manager informs employee thet must make a report for each meeting

27
Q

thats not all technique

A

an individual is made an offer then is told the offer is even better than they were initially told

after being told they would be paid double if they worked an extra shift, an employee is told they will also get free food

28
Q

impairment in at least two of following areas for personality disorder

A

cognition, impulse control, interpersonal relations

29
Q

```

~~~

which is not a somatoform disorder?

conversion disorder
illness anxiety disorder
hypochondria
panic

A

panic

conversion

30
Q

locus of control

A

how we percieve our control of certain situations, and is unrelated to the organization of identities

31
Q

theory of mind

A

ability to see from someone elses perspective, unrelated to identities

32
Q

which is an example of Kohlberg’s preconventional stage of moral development?

  • child cleans room out of fear of not being able to watch TV
  • a teenager picks up his trash rather than littering becuase everyone else did it, and he knows littering is wrong
  • a man chooses not to obey a law that results in a minority group being mistreated
  • a student believes that she can finish all of her homework in 2 hours but it actually takes her 2 days to complete
A

kohlberg - as we age, the way we think about nuanced things affects moral dilemmas

preconventional make decisions based on self interest, for reward, fear of punishment

(A) child is afriad he will not watch TV

33
Q

what age is associated with Freud’s oral stage?

A

0-1

34
Q

what concept was developed by Vygotsky and refers to skills and abilities that are still being developed?

A

zone of proximal development

35
Q

which of the following is an example of the individual in Erikson’s identity vs role confusion stage of development?

a. a baby learns to feel safe with his parents and grandparents
b. a toddler is being trained and feels more in control of her body
c. an adolescent decides he wants to be a doctor when he grows up
d. a woman reflects on her life and feels content

A

c. an adolescent decides he wants to be a doctor when he grows up

(adolescenes: who am I in the world of people and things?)

36
Q

what stage of Erik Erikson is this
a baby learns to feel safe with parents and grandparents

A

trust vs mistrust

37
Q

what stage of Erik Erikson is this
a toddler is being potty trained and feels more in control of her body

A

autonomy vs shame and doubt

38
Q

what stage of Erik Erikson is this
a woman reflects on her life and feels content

A

integrity and despair stage

39
Q

What are erik eriksons stages of identity development

A

My MCAT PSYC (20 decks)

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